• 主题
高级搜索  >
历史搜索 清空历史
首页> 外文学位 >DIGESTIBILITY OF AMINO ACIDS IN BARLEY, WHEAT, OATS, AND WHEAT MIDDLINGS IN GROWING SWINE MEASURED AT THE END OF THE SMALL INTESTINE AND OVER THE TOTAL DIGESTIVE TRACT.
【24h】

DIGESTIBILITY OF AMINO ACIDS IN BARLEY, WHEAT, OATS, AND WHEAT MIDDLINGS IN GROWING SWINE MEASURED AT THE END OF THE SMALL INTESTINE AND OVER THE TOTAL DIGESTIVE TRACT.

机译：在小肠末端和整个消化道中测得的大麦，小麦，燕麦和小麦中氨基酸的消化率。

获取原文
获取原文并翻译 | 示例
页面导航
  • 摘要
  • 著录项
  • 相似文献
  • 相关主题

摘要

Barley (TAMBAR 401), wheat (TAM 101), oats (Coker 234), and wheat middlings were fed to 40 kg cannulated pigs to determine amino acid (AA) digestibilities at the end of the small intestine and over the total tract. Percentages of protein and lysine among the four feedstuffs varied widely (14.3, .44; 14.5, .38; 11.6, .43; 15.73, .66; for barley, wheat, oats, and wheat middlings, respectively). Grains were ground twice with a hammer mill (4mm screen) before mixing. Casein (3%) was added to each grain diet, but not to wheat middlings.;Apparent digestibility of AA measured at the terminal ileum and over the total tract tended to be highest in the wheat diet, lowest for wheat middlings with barley and oats intermediate. Measured in ileal digesta, average digestibility of essential amino acids (EAA) was 85.97, 84.90, 84.31, and 81.18% for wheat, oats, barley, and middlings, respectively. Among the EAA, threonine and tryptophan were either first or second lowest in all but wheat middlings. Arginine, histidine, methionine, and phenylalaline digestibilities were consistently high in all four feedstuffs. Similar lysine digestibilities for all diets (82.58 to 84.46%) suggests that differences in digestibilities of the other AA have little practical importance.;Digestibilities determined over the total tract were generally higher than those measured at the end of the small intestine but the same relative differences were found. Average digestibility for EAA was: wheat (91.43%), oats (89.47%), barley (87.08%), and middlings (79.09%). Among the EAA, lysine and threonine digestibilities were lowest or second lowest in all four feedstuffs.;Differences in nitrogen digestibility between the sampling sites were fairly uniform among the four feedstuffs (5.1 to 6.4%) but there was a wide difference in individual AA and among feedstuffs. Unexpectedly, middlings showed a net increase in 10 AA in the large intestine resulting in an increase in digestibility of 2.09% for the EAA. Synthesis in the hind gut has been reported by others but the number of amino acids and the amount of synthesis found here is unusual.;A replicated 3 x 3 Latin square design was used for the barley, wheat, and wheat middlings diets. The oat diet was fed to four pigs in a fourth period. Pigs were maintained in stainless steel metabolism cages and fed equally.;Since the high digestibility of casein in AA might increase the digestibilities of the test grains, AA digestibilities were calculated to remove the effect of casein. The casein-corrected AA digestibilities for barley, wheat, and oats were lower at the terminal ileum (middlings remained the same since casein had not been added). Average digestibilities of the EAA were similar, 82.5% (wheat), 81.2% (middlings), 81.1% (barley), and 80.4% (oats) but there was still wide variation for individual AA among the four feedstuffs. The casein-corrected values measured over the total tract were also lower than uncorrected values.;Performance of 36 crossbred pigs (average initial weight 22 kg) was used in a 30-day trial to determine the effects of the arginine:lysine ratio in sorghum-based diets. Diets were formulated to contain .78% lysine and arginine using sorghum, soybean meal, and bloodmeal. Synthetic arginine was added to the basal diet to give dietary treatments with arginine:lysine ratios (weight:weight) of 1:1, 1.3:1, 1.6:1.;Feed intake, average daily gain, and feed efficiency were essentially the same for the three dietary regimes which suggests that the arginine:lysine ratios found in simple corn-soybean or sorghum-soybean meal diets should not have an adverse effect on growing pig performance.
机译：将大麦（TAMBAR 401），小麦（TAM 101），燕麦（Coker 234）和小麦中粉饲喂到40公斤空心猪中，以确定小肠末端和整个肠道的氨基酸（AA）可消化性。四种饲料中蛋白质和赖氨酸的百分比差异很大（分别为大麦，小麦，燕麦和小麦幼粉分别为14.3，.44、14.5，.38、11.6，.43、15.73，.66）。在混合之前，用锤磨机（4mm筛）将谷物研磨两次。每种谷物饮食中添加酪蛋白（3％），但不添加到小麦中粒中；在回肠末段和整个道中测得的AA的表观消化率在小麦饮食中趋于最高，对于大麦和燕麦的小麦中粒最低。中间。以回肠消化率衡量，小麦，燕麦，大麦和中粒的平均必需氨基酸（EAA）的平均消化率分别为85.97、84.90、84.31和81.18％。在EAA中，苏氨酸和色氨酸在除小麦中粒之外的所有其他中均排名第一或第二低。在所有四种饲料中，精氨酸，组氨酸，蛋氨酸和苯丙氨酸的消化率始终很高。所有日粮的赖氨酸消化率相似（82.58至84.46％），表明其他AA的消化率差异几乎没有实际意义。;在总道中测定的消化率通常高于小肠末测定的消化率，但相对相对值相同发现差异。 EAA的平均消化率是：小麦（91.43％），燕麦（89.47％），大麦（87.08％）和中等食物（79.09％）。在EAA中，赖氨酸和苏氨酸的消化率在所有四种饲料中最低或次低;在四种饲料中采样点之间的氮消化率差异相当均匀（5.1％至6.4％），但单个AA和在饲料中。出乎意料的是，中鱼显示大肠中10 AA的净增加，导致EAA的消化率增加2.09％。后肠的合成已有报道，但氨基酸的数量和合成量并不常见。大麦，小麦和小麦中粮采用复制的3 x 3拉丁方形设计。在第四阶段将燕麦饮食喂给四头猪。猪被关在不锈钢代谢笼中，并平均喂食。由于酪蛋白在AA中的高消化率可能会增加测试谷物的消化率，因此计算出AA消化率可消除酪蛋白的影响。回肠末端的大麦，小麦和燕麦的经酪蛋白校正的AA消化率较低（由于未添加酪蛋白，因此中值保持不变）。 EAA的平均消化率相似，分别为82.5％（小麦），81.2％（中谷），81.1％（大麦）和80.4％（燕麦），但四种饲料中单个AA的差异仍然很大。在整个管道中测得的酪蛋白校正值也低于未校正值。；在30天的试验中，使用36头杂交猪（平均初始体重22公斤）的性能来确定精氨酸与赖氨酸比对高粱的影响饮食。使用高粱，豆粕和血粉配制的饮食中含有0.78％的赖氨酸和精氨酸。在基础饮食中添加精氨酸，以精氨酸：赖氨酸比（重量：重量）为1：1、1.3：1、1.6：1进行饮食处理；饲料摄入量，日平均增重和饲料效率基本相同三种饮食方式表明，简单玉米-大豆或高粱-大豆粕日​​粮中精氨酸：赖氨酸的比例不应对猪的生长性能产生不利影响。

著录项

  • 作者

    HAMSTREET, JOHN LESLIE.;

  • 作者单位

    Texas A&M University.;

  • 授予单位 Texas A&M University.;
  • 学科 Agriculture Animal Culture and Nutrition.
  • 学位 Ph.D.
  • 年度 1980
  • 页码 95 p.
  • 总页数 95
  • 原文格式 PDF
  • 正文语种 eng
  • 中图分类
  • 关键词

相似文献

  • 外文文献
  • 中文文献
  • 专利
获取原文

客服邮箱：kefu@zhangqiaokeyan.com

京公网安备：11010802029741号 ICP备案号：京ICP备15016152号-6 六维联合信息科技 (北京) 有限公司©版权所有

  • 客服微信

  • 服务号