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Long-term Dynamical Behavior of Highly Perturbed Natural and Artificial Celestial Bodies.

机译：高扰动的天然和人造天体的长期动力学行为。

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摘要

This thesis explores the dynamical evolution of celestial bodies, both natural and artificial, which are strongly perturbed by solar radiation pressure---a non-gravitational force that has played an increasingly important role in celestial mechanics since the early 1900s. The particular focus is on the high area-to-mass ratio (HAMR) space debris discovered in near geosynchronous Earth orbit (GEO) through optical observations in 2004, and on micron-sized circumplanetary dust particles in the outer Saturnian system. The formalism developed can also be applied to---and, indeed, was unquestionably influenced by---the orbital motion of spacecraft about small bodies (asteroids and comets). The chief difficulties which arise in getting an accurate understanding of the motion of such bodies in highly perturbed dynamical environments come, in part, from the nonlinearity of the dynamical system, but more so from the inadequacy of the classical approaches and methods. While modern formulations based on numerical integrations can give "precise" solutions for specific initial conditions, these afford little insight into the nature of the problem or the essential dependence of the perturbed motion on the system parameters.;The predominant perturbations acting on HAMR objects and circumplanetary dust grains are solar radiation pressure, planetary oblateness, and third-body gravitational interactions induced by the Sun and nearby natural satellites. We developed first-order averaged models, based on the Milankovitch formulation of perturbation theory, which govern the long-term evolution of orbits subject to these perturbing forces. The unexpectedly rich results obtained by the use of this vector formalism are due to certain important circumstances in celestial and quantum mechanics which gave rise to its origin and development. An attempt has been made to trace these historical developments and to put them into the perspective of the present.;The averaged equations of motion hold rigorously for all Keplerian orbits with nonzero angular momentum; they are free of the mathematical singularities associated with circular or equatorial orbits. These approximate equations are written in a concise analytical vector form, which allow our results and demonstrations to attain such extraordinary simplicity and clarity. As a first attempt to understand the disturbed motion, we consider separately the first-order effects of each principal perturbation in altering the orbital elements. We establish that each of these problems is integrable (under certain well-justified assumptions), and that they admit either an exact analytical solution or a complete qualitative description. We then explore the complex interplay between gravitational and non-gravitational perturbations, and examine stable "frozen" orbit configurations and resonances which can occur when these forces act in concert.;These results are applied to the study of the dynamics and stability of GEO orbits and to the identification of robust, long-term disposal orbits for geostationary satellites. We further apply these results towards an understanding of the initial albedo dichotomy of Iapetus, Saturn's enigmatic two-faced satellite. As dust is a ubiquitous component of the Solar System, we discuss the application of our averaged model to a number of other planetary systems. We highlight, in particular, the explanatory power of our approach and how it can modify or guide detailed numerical studies. Indeed, analytical and numerical techniques cannot be separated, and a complete, logically ordered picture is obtained only by the application of both methods jointly.
机译：本文探讨了天体的动力学演化，包括天体和人造天体，这些天体受到太阳辐射压力的强烈干扰。太阳辐射压力是一种非引力，自1900年代初以来一直在天体力学中发挥越来越重要的作用。特别关注的是2004年通过光学观测在近地球同步地球轨道（GEO）上发现的高面积质量比（HAMR）空间碎片，以及在土星外层系统中的微米级周行星尘埃颗粒。形成的形式主义也可以适用于-的确确实受到了-航天器绕小物体（小行星和彗星）的轨道运动的影响。准确了解此类物体在高度扰动的动力学环境中的运动而产生的主要困难部分是由于动力学系统的非线性，而更多是由于经典方法和方法的不足。尽管基于数值积分的现代公式可以为特定的初始条件提供“精确”的解决方案，但这些问题对问题的本质或受扰动的运动对系统参数的本质依赖性了解甚少。行星尘埃颗粒是太阳和附近自然卫星引起的太阳辐射压力，行星扁率和第三体重力相互作用。我们基于Milankovitch扰动理论的公式开发了一阶平均模型，该模型控制受这些扰动力影响的轨道的长期演化。使用此向量形式主义获得的出乎意料的丰富结果是由于天体和量子力学中的某些重要情况，从而导致了它的起源和发展。试图追踪这些历史发展并将它们纳入当前的视野。；运动平均方程严格地适用于所有非零角动量的开普勒轨道；它们没有与圆形或赤道轨道相关的数学奇异点。这些近似方程式以简洁的分析矢量形式编写，这使我们的结果和演示获得了非同寻常的简洁性。作为理解扰动的首次尝试，我们将分别考虑每个主要扰动在改变轨道元素方面的一阶效应。我们确定，这些问题中的每一个都是可积分的（在某些充分合理的假设下），并且它们都接受精确的分析解决方案或完整的定性描述。然后，我们探索了引力和非引力扰动之间的复杂相互作用，并研究了当这些力共同作用时可能发生的稳定的“冻结”轨道构型和共振。这些结果被用于研究GEO轨道的动力学和稳定性并确定对地静止卫星的稳健的长期处置轨道。我们进一步将这些结果用于理解土星的神秘两面卫星Iapetus的初始反照率二分法。由于灰尘是太阳系中普遍存在的组成部分，因此我们将讨论平均模型在许多其他行星系统中的应用。我们特别强调了我们方法的解释力以及它如何修改或指导详细的数值研究。确实，分析技术和数值技术无法分开，并且只有通过共同使用这两种方法才能获得完整的，逻辑排序的图像。

著录项

  • 作者

    Rosengren, Aaron J.;

  • 作者单位

    University of Colorado at Boulder.;

  • 授予单位 University of Colorado at Boulder.;
  • 学科 Engineering Aerospace.;Physics Astronomy and Astrophysics.;Physics Astrophysics.
  • 学位 Ph.D.
  • 年度 2014
  • 页码 185 p.
  • 总页数 185
  • 原文格式 PDF
  • 正文语种 eng
  • 中图分类
  • 关键词

  • 入库时间 2022-08-17 11:53:23

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