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Genetic analysis of the B-genome chromosomes in the Brassica species.

机译：芸苔属物种B基因组染色体的遗传分析。

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摘要

The family Brassicaceae includes a number of important species used as vegetables, oilseeds and medicine. The Brassica B-genome is significantly diverged from the A- and C-genomes, and species containing the B-genome possess many valuable agronomic and disease resistance traits. In this thesis, two populations of interspecific crosses between Brassica napus (AACC) and Brassica carinata (BBCC) were studied, and microsatellite (SSR) markers and genomic in situ hybridization (GISH) techniques were applied to characterize the B-genome chromosome introgressions in the advanced backcross populations and their effect on disease resistance, morphological and seed quality traits.;Several BC3S1 families of another cross, derived from well-characterized BC3 plants containing introgressed B-genome chromosomes, were analyzed using SSR markers and the GISH assay to study the inheritance of the B-genome chromosome(s) and their association with morphological traits. This study revealed that the B-genome chromosomes tend to transfer through generations, either as whole chromosome(s) or as chromosomes without small terminal segments, as evidenced by low recombination frequencies (∼ 0%) between the B and A/C-genome chromosomes. These results were supported by the GISH assay and chromosomes counts, and revealed that many of the BC 3S1 lines were addition lines carrying extra B-genome chromosomes.;A BC2S3 derived doubled haploid (DH) population was genotyped with 184 SSR markers and DH lines carrying stable B-genome chromosomal segments were identified. The GISH assay demonstrated that three of the 60 DHs were substitution lines in which the B-genome chromosome J13 was common to all. The lines with B-genome chromosomes, "B+", were significantly different (P0.01) from the lines without B-genome chromosomes, "B-" for some morphological and seed quality traits, such as days to flowering, days to maturity and erucic acid content. Further study revealed that resistance to Sclerotinia stem rot (caused by Sclerotinia sclerotiorum) has been inherited from the B or C genomes of B. carinata in some of the DH lines.
机译：十字花科包括许多用作蔬菜，油料种子和药品的重要物种。甘蓝型油菜的B基因组与A基因组和C基因组明显不同，并且含有B基因组的物种具有许多有价值的农艺和抗病性状。本文研究了甘蓝型油菜（AACC）和甘蓝型油菜（BBCC）的两个种间杂交种群，并应用微卫星（SSR）标记和基因组原位杂交（GISH）技术表征了B基因组的染色体基因渗入先进的回交种群及其对抗病性，形态和种子品质性状的影响。；使用SSR标记和GISH分析法分析了另一个杂交的几个BC3S1家族，这些家族来自特征明确的含有渗入B基因组染色体的BC3植物B基因组染色体的遗传及其与形态特征的关系。这项研究表明，B基因组染色体倾向于通过几代转移，既可以是整个染色体，也可以是没有小末端片段的染色体，这可以通过B和A / C基因组之间的低重组频率（〜0％）来证明。染色体。这些结果得到了GISH分析和染色体计数的支持，并揭示了许多BC 3S1系是携带额外B基因组染色体的加成系。;对BC2S3衍生的双单倍体（DH）群体进行了184 SSR标记和DH系的基因分型确定携带稳定的B基因组染色体片段。 GISH分析表明60个DH中有3个是替换系，其中B基因组染色体J13对所有人都是共有的。具有B基因组染色体“ B +”的品系与没有B基因组染色体“ B-”的品系在某些形态和种子品质性状（例如开花天数，成熟天数）上有显着差异（P <0.01）和芥酸含量。进一步的研究表明，在某些DH系中，已从卡氏芽孢杆菌的B或C基因组继承了对核盘菌茎腐病（由核盘菌引起）的抗性。

著录项

  • 作者

    Navabi, Zahra.;

  • 作者单位

    University of Alberta (Canada).;

  • 授予单位 University of Alberta (Canada).;
  • 学科 Agriculture Plant Culture.
  • 学位 Ph.D.
  • 年度 2009
  • 页码 153 p.
  • 总页数 153
  • 原文格式 PDF
  • 正文语种 eng
  • 中图分类 老年病学;
  • 关键词

  • 入库时间 2022-08-17 11:38:19

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