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Effects of fiber on satiety, food intake, glucose, insulin, and gut hormones in healthy human subjects.

机译：纤维对健康人类受试者的饱腹感，食物摄入，葡萄糖，胰岛素和肠道激素的影响。

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摘要

Epidemiologic studies suggest that people who eat more fiber have a lower body weight than people who eat less fiber. Potential mechanisms for this relationship may include greater feelings of satiety, reductions in food intake, or changes in blood glucose, insulin, or gut hormone levels. The following work describes two unique intervention studies designed to help explain this relationship.;In the first study we hypothesized that certain types of fiber would enhance satiety more than others when consumed in muffins for breakfast. Healthy men and women participated in this randomized double-blind, crossover study comparing satiety after subjects consumed four different fibers and a low-fiber control. Subjects used 100 mm visual analog scales (VAS) to rate satiety for 3 hours after muffin consumption. Satiety differed among treatments. Resistant starch and corn bran had the most impact on satiety, while polydextrose had little effect and behaved like the low-fiber treatment.;In the second study we hypothesized that increasing doses of fiber would increase satiety and decrease food intake in a dose-dependent manner. We also hypothesized that glucose, insulin, ghrelin, GLP-1, and PYY 3-36 would change in proportion to fiber dose. Healthy men and women participated in this randomized double-blind, crossover study. Subjects consumed muffins with 0, 4, 8, and 12 g of mixed fibers and proceeded to rate satiety with VAS over a three-hour period. Blood was drawn at regular intervals and ad libitum food intake was assessed at two different time points. The 12 g fiber muffin was consistently and significantly more satiating than the 0 g muffin; however, food intake did not differ among treatments. Glucose, insulin, ghrelin, and GLP-1 differed among treatment doses, but not in the manner we expected. Glucose and insulin did not correlate with each other or with appetite. Ghrelin was significantly higher after 12 g of fiber than after all other doses, and GLP-1 decreased consistently with fiber dose. PYY 3-36 did not differ among treatments.;Results from these studies indicate that certain types and doses of fiber positively influence satiety. However, caution should be used when making blanket statements about fiber as a generic substance; this research suggests that some types and doses are not as effective as others. Furthermore, feelings of satiety may not be consistently linked to food intake or other commonly accepted physiologic measures for satiety.
机译：流行病学研究表明，多吃纤维的人的体重比少吃纤维的人低。这种关系的潜在机制可能包括饱腹感增强，食物摄入减少或血糖，胰岛素或肠激素水平变化。以下工作描述了两个独特的干预研究，旨在帮助解释这种关系。在第一个研究中，我们假设某些类型的纤维在早餐吃松饼时会比其他纤维增强饱腹感。健康的男人和女人参加了这项随机双盲，交叉研究，比较了受试者食用四种不同纤维和低纤维对照后的饱腹感。受试者使用100毫米视觉模拟量表（VAS）评估松饼摄入后3小时的饱腹感。不同治疗方法的饱腹感有所不同。抗性淀粉和玉米糠对饱腹感的影响最大，而聚右旋糖的影响不大，其表现与低纤维处理类似。在第二项研究中，我们假设增加纤维剂量会增加饱腹感并减少食物摄入，这与剂量有关方式。我们还假设葡萄糖，胰岛素，生长素释放肽，GLP-1和PYY 3-36会随纤维剂量成比例变化。健康的男人和女人参加了这项随机双盲，交叉研究。受试者食用了0、4、8和12 g混合纤维的松饼，并在三个小时内用VAS评估了饱腹感。定期抽血，并在两个不同的时间点随意采食。 12克纤维松饼比0克松饼始终饱腹得多。但是，食物的摄入量在各治疗方法之间没有差异。葡萄糖，胰岛素，生长素释放肽和GLP-1在治疗剂量之间有所不同，但没有我们所期望的方式。葡萄糖和胰岛素彼此之间或食欲上不相关。服用12 g纤维后的Ghrelin显着高于所有其他剂量后的Ghrelin，并且GLP-1与纤维剂量一致地下降。 PYY 3-36在各处理之间没有差异。；这些研究的结果表明，某些类型和剂量的纤维对饱腹感有积极影响。但是，在发表关于纤维作为通用物质的一揽子声明时应格外小心；这项研究表明某些类型和剂量不如其他有效。此外，饱食感可能与食物摄入或饱食感的其他普遍接受的生理指标不一致。

著录项

  • 作者

    Willis, Holly Jo.;

  • 作者单位

    University of Minnesota.;

  • 授予单位 University of Minnesota.;
  • 学科 Health Sciences Nutrition.
  • 学位 Ph.D.
  • 年度 2009
  • 页码 152 p.
  • 总页数 152
  • 原文格式 PDF
  • 正文语种 eng
  • 中图分类 预防医学、卫生学;
  • 关键词

  • 入库时间 2022-08-17 11:38:28

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