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Methods for profiling glycans for disease marker discovery.

机译：分析聚糖以发现疾病标记的方法。

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摘要

It was once believed that glycans were an unnecessary part of the cell, providing only fuel. Since then much research has shown that glycans are extremely important in biological processes. Glycans are carbohydrates that are bonded to proteins in the cell, are commonly on the outside surface of a cell, can be used for cell-cell communication, such as fertilization.;The analysis of glycans is particularly difficult due to the complexity of possible structures. Unlike proteins which have a linear structure of amino acids, monosaccharides have many bonding positions and therefore can be branched leading to many positional and conformational isomers. To understand the function of glycans it is first critical to be able to identify the structures present. Many different technologies exist to assist in the identification of carbohydrates including high performance liquid chromatography and mass spectrometry.;Breast cancer is the second most common cause of cancer mortality among women. Since the early symptoms of breast cancer are minimal, early detection is virtually impossible. By the time the breast cancer is diagnosed, it can be so advanced that it becomes untreatable. If a biomarker existed that could indicate the presence of cancer in the early stages it could be a significant breakthrough for diagnosticians. The work here utilizes glycans as a possible biomarker for breast cancer.;Prostate cancer is the most common type of cancer found in American men. Either surgery or radiation therapy can be used to successfully treat prostate cancer in the early stages. However, once prostate cancer becomes metastatic, there is no current method known to cure it. In this work a comparison is made between glycans extracted from cells of prostate cancer cell lines to determine if variations are observed, in the hopes of discovering potential prostate cancer biomarkers.;The study of serum glycans, in particular N-linked, is advantageous for disease marker discovery. Many methods are available for the study of N-linked glycans. Several of these methods are not viable for biological levels of glycans. A nano-LC/MS method is presented here to analyze underivatized biological levels of N-linked glycans for online nano-LC/MS analysis.
机译：曾经有人认为，聚糖是细胞的不必要部分，仅提供燃料。从那以后，大量研究表明，聚糖在生物过程中极为重要。聚糖是与细胞中的蛋白质结合的碳水化合物，通常位于细胞的外表面，可用于细胞与细胞之间的通讯，例如受精。由于结构可能的复杂性，聚糖的分析特别困难。与具有线性氨基酸结构的蛋白质不同，单糖具有许多键合位置，因此可以分支，从而导致许多位置和构象异构体。要了解聚糖的功能，最重要的是能够鉴定出存在的结构。存在许多协助碳水化合物鉴定的不同技术，包括高效液相色谱法和质谱法。乳腺癌是女性癌症死亡的第二大常见原因。由于乳腺癌的早期症状极少，因此几乎不可能进行早期检测。到诊断出乳腺癌时，它可能已经发展到无法治疗的程度。如果存在可以在早期阶段表明癌症存在的生物标志物，对于诊断医生来说可能是一个重大突破。此处的工作利用聚糖作为乳腺癌的可能生物标记。前列腺癌是美国男性中最常见的癌症类型。手术或放射疗法均可用于在早期阶段成功治疗前列腺癌。但是，一旦前列腺癌转移，目前尚无治愈方法。在这项工作中，对从前列腺癌细胞系细胞中提取的聚糖进行比较，以确定是否观察到变异，以期发现潜在的前列腺癌生物标志物。血清聚糖，特别是N-连接的聚糖的研究对疾病标记物发现。研究N-连接聚糖的方法很多。这些方法中的几种对于生物学水平的聚糖不可行。此处介绍了一种纳米LC / MS方法，用于分析用于在线纳米LC / MS分析的未饱和生物水平的N-连接聚糖。

著录项

  • 作者

    Kirmiz, Crystal.;

  • 作者单位

    University of California, Davis.;

  • 授予单位 University of California, Davis.;
  • 学科 Chemistry Analytical.
  • 学位 Ph.D.
  • 年度 2009
  • 页码 131 p.
  • 总页数 131
  • 原文格式 PDF
  • 正文语种 eng
  • 中图分类 化学;
  • 关键词

  • 入库时间 2022-08-17 11:38:30

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