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首页> 外文学位 >Contributing Factors to Child Stunting in Guatemala: A Systems Analysis Focused on Enteric Disease Transmission and Mycotoxin Exposure.
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Contributing Factors to Child Stunting in Guatemala: A Systems Analysis Focused on Enteric Disease Transmission and Mycotoxin Exposure.

机译：危地马拉儿童发育迟缓的影响因素：以肠道疾病传播和真菌毒素暴露为重点的系统分析。

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摘要

Child stunting -- low height-for-age -- is a United Nation's indicator for chronic malnutrition that has been linked to both acute and chronic health problems. Data from Guatemala suggests for children under five years of age, 49% are classified as stunted. This dissertation tests the following hypotheses, among children in Guatemala 1) environmental enteric dysfunction (EED) is correlated with height-for-age, 2) aflatoxin B (AFB) exposure is correlated with height-for-age, and 3) AFB exposure is correlated with EED. A network analysis was conducted on data from the US Agency for International Development (USAID) collected in 2012 to identify trends in a height-for-age model and an EED model. These results were then combined with a literature review, field observations, and informal interviews to hypothesize two structural equation models (SEM). Additionally, a third SEM was hypothesized for the AFB exposure model. The models were tested with data collected by the San Vicente Health Center in Totonicapan in October 2016 and February 2017. Finally, five geographic specific SEMs were built with the USAID 2012 data and tested with USAID 2013 data. Results of the hypotheses include 1) mixed findings on a correlation between EED and child height-for-age, 2) a confirmed correlation between AFB exposure and child height-for-age, and 3) no correlation between AFB exposure and EED. Furthermore, improved prenatal health and improved sanitary child play areas were correlated with child height-for-age. For the EED model improved water treatment was correlated with reduced EED. Finally, improved maize purchase habits, post-harvest practices, and maize storage were correlated with a decrease in AFB symptoms. Field practitioners and policy makers must account for local and regional suitability for interventions and policies on child health.
机译：儿童发育迟缓-年龄偏低-是联合国关于慢性营养不良的一项指标，该指标已与急性和慢性健康问题联系在一起。危地马拉的数据表明，对于5岁以下的儿童，49％被归类为发育不良。本文对以下假设进行了检验，危地马拉的儿童中：1）环境肠道功能障碍（EED）与年龄相关，2）黄曲霉毒素B（AFB）与年龄相关，3）AFB与EED相关。对美国国际开发署（USAID）2012年收集的数据进行了网络分析，以识别年龄高度模型和EED模型的趋势。然后将这些结果与文献综述，实地观察和非正式访谈相结合，以假设两个结构方程模型（SEM）。此外，假设有第三份SEM用于AFB暴露模型。使用2016年10月和2017年2月在Totonicapan的San Vicente Health Center收集的数据对模型进行了测试。最后，使用USAID 2012数据构建了五个特定地理区域的SEM，并使用USAID 2013数据进行了测试。假设的结果包括：1）EED与儿童年龄段身高之间的相关混合结果； 2）AFB暴露与儿童年龄段身高之间的已确认相关性； 3）AFB暴露与EED年龄之间无相关性。此外，改善的产前保健和改善的儿童游乐区与儿童的身高相关。对于EED模型，改善的水处理与降低的EED相关。最后，改善的玉米购买习惯，收获后的作法和玉米的储存与AFB症状的减轻相关。实地从业者和政策制定者必须考虑地方和区域对儿童健康的干预措施和政策的适用性。

著录项

  • 作者

    Voth-Gaeddert, Lee Emerson.;

  • 作者单位

    Missouri University of Science and Technology.;

  • 授予单位 Missouri University of Science and Technology.;
  • 学科 Environmental engineering.;Systems science.;Environmental health.
  • 学位 Ph.D.
  • 年度 2017
  • 页码 188 p.
  • 总页数 188
  • 原文格式 PDF
  • 正文语种 eng
  • 中图分类
  • 关键词

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