目的 探讨颈动脉支架置入(CAS)患者术后不同时期的认知功能变化及其可能机制.方法 选取76例接受CAS的颈动脉狭窄患者(病例组)和63例接受冠脉支架置入术的冠心病患者(对照组)作为研究对象,所有患者术前行DSA检查,分别在支架置入术前及术后3 d、10个月,应用蒙特利尔认知评估量表对患者进行认知评估.结果 病例组术后3 d与术前比较,MoCA总分、交替连线试验,复制立方体、画钟、注意力、延迟回忆测评得分降低,具有显著性差异;术后10个月与术前比较,注意力、延迟回忆测评得分升高,差异具有显著性;术后3 d与术后10个月比较,MoCA总分、交替连线试验、复制立方体、画钟、注意力、延迟回忆测评得分的差异均有显著性.病例组与对照组比较,术前、术后3 d的注意力、延迟回忆测评得分差异有显著性.结论 颈动脉狭窄置入术可最终改善注意力和延迟回忆功能.术后早期可出现暂时的、可逆的认知功能恶化,但认知功能在远期多会改善.%Objective To investigate the changes of cognitive function in different period after carotid artery stenting and explore the related mechanism of cognitive changes. Methods 76 carotid stenosis patients were treated with carotid artery stenting and 63 patients were given coronary artery stenting ( control group) as subjects. All patients were accepted DSA, and respectively were tested with montreal cognitire assessment at preoperative and third day, tenth month after stenting. Results Compared postoperative third day with preoperative cognitive function, cognitive test scores including MoCA total score, Trial Making B task, three-dimensional cube copy, clock-drawing task, attention, and delayed recall had significantly declined. Compared postoperative tenth month with preoperative, cognitive test scores including attention, and delayed recall were significantly improved. Compared postoperative third day with postoperative tenth month, cognitive test scores including MoCA total score, Trial Making B task, three-dimensional cube copy, clock-drawing task, attention, and delayed recall were significantly differentiated. Only cognitive test scores including attention and delayed recall of preoperative and postoperative third day were significantly differentiated between the two groups. Conclusions Carotid artery stenting can truly improve attention and delay recall cognitive function. Patients may occur transient, reversible cognitive decline in early stage after stenting, but mostly cognitive function can occur recuperative improvement in distant stage.
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