目的 观察嗅觉功能活动对豚鼠两侧海马齿状回颗粒细胞下层(SGZ)未成熟神经元表达及发育的影响.方法 通过电烙铁将2月龄(n=10)和1岁龄(n=10)雄性豚鼠左侧鼻腔内嗅粘膜损伤,然后堵住鼻孔以建立嗅觉剥夺模型.将每组豚鼠编排随机数字表,随机饲养4周(n=5)和8周(n=5)之后灌注取材,采用免疫组织化学技术观察2组豚鼠在2个时间点自身两侧SGZ区微管相关蛋白(doublecortin,DCX)的表达;运用免疫荧光双标染色观察SGZ区DCX+细胞转化为NeuN(成熟神经元标记物)的频率.结果 2月龄豚鼠嗅觉剥夺4周、8周后,1岁龄豚鼠嗅觉剥夺8周后,剥夺侧SGZ区DCX+细胞密度较自身非剥夺侧均显著下降;2月龄和1岁龄豚鼠嗅觉剥夺8周后,两组豚鼠嗅觉剥夺侧SGZ区DCX+细胞与NeuN+细胞共表达的频率显著低于自身未剥夺侧.结论 正常的嗅觉功能活动对豚鼠海马未成熟神经元的表达及发育起调节作用.%Objective To explore whether the olfactory deprivation could affect the development of the immature neurons in the hippocampal subgranular zone (SGZ) in both juvenile and adult guinea pigs.Methods The left side nasal olfactory mucosa in 2-month-old (n=10) and 1-year-old (n=10) male guinea pigs were damaged by electrocautery injury and the nostrils were then blocked to establish an olfactory deprivation model.The guinea pigs (n=10) were randomized into 4 weeks group (n=5) and 8 weeks group (n=5).The expression of doublelecortin (DCX) in the SGZ was assessed by immunohistochemistry.The co-localization of DCX+ cells with NeuN+ cells was compared between injured and normal nasal mucosa using immunostaining.Results The number ofDCX+ cells decreased in the deprived side compared to the control side in the hippocampal SGZ of both 2-month-old and 1-year-old groups.Furthermore,DCX+ cells in the deprived side exhibited a lower co-localization with NeuN+ cells 8 weeks after unilateral olfactory deprivation.Conclusions Normal olfactory activity may be important to maintain the development of the immature neurons in the hippocampus of guinea pigs.
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