Objective To investigate the predictive effect of serum matrix metalloproteinase-3 (MMP-3), tumor necrosis factor-α(TNF-α), interleukin-6 (IL-6) and NF-κB on the detection of preterm birth.Methods The clinical data of 66 cases with preterm birth in Guangzhou Women and Children ’ s Medical Center from January 2010 to January 2013 were statistically analyzed .At the same time 66 normal pregnant women in the hospital were selected in control group .Enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay ( ELISA ) was used to detect MMP-3, TNF-α, IL-6 and nuclear NF-κB levels of two groups .NF-κB inhibitor IkappaB-a was added into serum of the observation group , and ELISA was used again to detect the levels of four indexes .Results The concentration of TNF-α, MMP-3, IL-6 and NF-κB in the control group was 769.35 ±113.35 pg/mL, 87.45 ±52.33 ng/mL, 176.19 ±68.65 pg/mL and 3.09 ±1.21 mg/L, respectively. Before adding IkappaB-a, the level of four indexes was 1 332.35 ±346.65 pg/mL, 242.25 ±72.40 ng/mL, 521.00 ±105.14 pg/mL and 13.9 ±4.83 mg/L, respectively.The differences in each index was significant between two groups (t value was 5.311,4.415,6.671 and 6.872,respectively,all P<0.05).After adding IkappaB-a, the level of four indexes was 973.26 ±213.38 pg/mL, 128.33 ±78.29 ng/mL, 361.12 ±101.03 pg/mL and 8.14 ±2.86 mg/L, respectively.There was significant difference between each index in the observation group(t value was 2.591,5.210,3.992 and 3.566,respectively,all P<0.05) and between two groups (t value was 4.100,2.588,4.892 and 4.456,respectively,all P<0.05).Conclusion Serum MMP-3, TNF-α, IL-6 and NF-kB levels increase significantly, which are closely related with preterm birth .NF-κB can regulate inflammatory reaction and can be used as a target to reduce preterm rate .%目的：探讨血清基质金属蛋白酶-3（MMP-3）、肿瘤坏死因子-α（TNF-α）、白细胞介素-6（IL-6）和核因子NF-κB水平对早产的预测效果。方法回顾性分析2010年1月至2013年1月广州市妇女儿童医疗中心收治的66例早产产妇临床资料，同时选取同期在该院正常分娩的66例产妇作为对照组。采用酶联免疫吸附试验（ELISA）检测两组孕妇的MMP-3、TNF-α、IL-6和核因子NF-κB水平。在观察组血清中加入核因子NF-κB抑制剂IkappaB-a后，再检测4种指标水平，并进行统计学分析。结果正常对照组血清TNF-α、MMP-3、IL-6和NF-κB浓度分别为（769．35±113．35） pg/mL、（87．45±52．33） ng/mL、（176．19±68．65）pg/mL和（3．09±1．21）mg/L；加入核因子NF-κB抑制剂IkappaB-a前，观察组血清TNF-α、MMP-3、IL-6和NF-κB浓度分别为（1332．35±346．65）pg/mL、（242．25±72．40）ng/mL、（521．00±105．14）pg/mL和（13．9±4．83）mg/L，两组各指标的水平差异均有统计学意义（t值分别为5．11、4．415、6．671和6．872，均P＜0．05）。加入核因子NF-κB抑制剂IkappaB-a后，观察组4项指标分别为（973．26±213．38）pg/mL、（128．33±78．29）ng/mL、（361．12±101．03）pg/mL 和（8．14±2．86）mg/L，与未加IkappaB-a时观察组各指标比较，差异均具有统计学意义（ t值分别为2．591、5．210、3．992和3．566，均P＜0．05）；与对照组各指标比较，差异也均具有统计学意义（t值分别为4．100、2．588、4．892、和4．456，均P＜0．05）。结论早产孕妇血清MMP-3、TNF-α、IL-6和核因子NF-κB水平明显增高，与早产关系密切，核因子NF-κB具有调控炎症反应的作用，可作为降低早产发生率的干预靶点。
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