Sludge samples were continuously collected from four sewage treatment plants (I, Ⅱ, Ⅲ and Ⅳ) in Beijing. The concentration of heavy metals (Zn, Cu, Pb, Cr, Cd, Ni, As, Hg) were analyzed using ICP-AES after microwave digestion pretreatment, and the different forms of the heavy metals, were determined by BCR a sequential extraction method. Different pollution indexes were used to evaluate the pollution characteristics and potential ecological risk of heavy metals in the sludge in order to provide the basic data for the study of sludge pollution characteristics in Beijing. The results showed that: (1) Average heavy metal contents were significantly different (P<0.05) among the four sewage treatment plants, the average contents of Cu, Ni and As exceeded 7.2,%, 71.9% and 7.4% of the mean values in national urban sludges. (2) Zn and Cd were mostly concentrated in extractable form, with the range of action contents of 56.8%~63.7%and 81.3%~85.7% respectively, Cu and Pb were mostly concentrated in a reduced form and ranged in 54.6%~70.2% and 63.9%~79.1% respectively, Cr, Ni and As were mainly concentrated in residual form, accounting for 53.4%~71.8%, 33.4%~51.3% and 49.3%~67.4% respectively. (3) The single factor pollution index for heavy metals was in the order of Zn>Cu>Ni>Cd>Pb>As>Cr, and the Nemerow integrated pollution index for the 4 sludge samples presented as Ⅳ>Ⅱ>I>Ⅲ, and reached moderate, moderate, slight and severe pollution level. (4) The single-factor potential ecological risk index of heavy metals was in the order of Cu>Cd>Ni>Zn>Pb>As>Cr, and the integrated-factor potential ecological risk index of the sludge presented as Ⅳ>Ⅱ>Ⅲ>I, and all indices reached slight ecological risk level.%通过连续采集法获得北京市4家污水处理厂脱水污泥样品(标记为Ⅰ、Ⅱ、Ⅲ和Ⅳ),经微波消解后采用电感耦合等离子体发射光谱法(ICP-AES)检测了Zn、Cu、Pb、Cr、Cd、Ni、As、Hg的含量,利用BCR连续提取分析法分析污泥中重金属赋存形态,并采用不同污染指数评价了污泥中重金属污染程度和潜在生态风险,为研究北京市污泥污染特征研究提供基础资料.结果表明,(1)北京市4家污水处理厂重金属含量差异显著(P<0.05),Cu、Ni、As平均含量分别超过全国城市污泥均值的7.2%、71.9%、7.4%.(2)重金属形态分析表明,Zn、Cd以可提取态为主,分别为56.8%~63.7%和81.3%~85.7%;Cu、Pb以可还原态为主,分别为54.6%~70.2%和63.9%~79.1%;Cr、Ni、As主要以残渣态形式存在,分别为53.4%~71.8%、33.4%~51.3%和49.3%~67.4%.(3)各重金属单因子污染指数大小为Zn>Cu>Ni>Cd>Pb>As>Cr,各污水处理厂污泥的内梅罗综合指数依次为Ⅳ>Ⅱ>Ⅰ>Ⅲ,分别达到中、中、轻、重污染水平.(4)重金属单因子潜在生态风险指数表现为:Cu>Cd>Ni>Zn>Pb>As>Cr,各污水处理厂污泥的综合因子潜在生态风险指数大小为Ⅳ>Ⅱ>Ⅲ>Ⅰ,均处于低生态风险水平.
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机译：大湖盆地大头鲤（Hypophthalmichthys spp。）的双生态风险评价。 （评估du Risque Ecologique pose par les Carpes a Grosse Tete（Hypophthalmichths sp。）dans le Bassin des Grands Lacs。）
