Objective To investigate the healthy status, health services demand and utilization current situation of empty-nest elderly in community of Tangshan city,and to explore the intervention effects on health services.Methods An random sampling investigation was used,taking the empty-nest elderly in 5 communities of Tangshan city who voluntaryly participated in the investigation as research objects. The investigation content included sex, age, incidence rate of chronic disease,health services demand and utilization current situation. The research objects were randomly divided into two groups, those in experimental group were given psychological,health behavior and social support intervention,however,those in control group were not given any intervention. The health behavior and the life quality before and after intervention were observed and compared between two groups.Moreover the intervention effects were evaluated and compared between two groups.Results The incidence rate of chronic diseases in empty nest elderly was 51.19%,in whom,39.18% of them suffered from one kind of disease,32.47% of them suffered from two kinds of diseases,and 28.35% of them suffered from more than three kinds of diseases,and the prior five kinds of diseases were hypertension,coronary heart disease,diabetes mellitus,cerebral stroke and osteoarthritis. Moreover health consultation demand was ranked in the first place,which accounted for 80.47%. In addition, the other reasons of unwillingly visiting doctor's office in community health services center included inconvenient locomotion, considering pathogenetic condition slighter by themselves,after intervention the the health behaviores were significantly improved in experimental group(P<0.05),moreover,life quality was significantly increased also(P<0.01).Conclusion The incidence rate of chronic diseases and 2-week visiting rate of empty nest elderly in community of Tangshan city are higher, and health service demand is higher, however, the utilization current situation is not optimistic. The community health intervention can improve the health behavior and life quality of these empty nest elderly.%目的 调查唐山市社区空巢老人的健康状况、卫生服务需求及利用现状,探讨社区卫生干预效果.方法 采取整群随机抽样的方法,以唐山市5个社区自愿参加调查的空巢老人为研究对象,入户调查,内容包括性别、年龄、慢性病患病率、卫生服务需求和利用现状等.将研究对象随机分为2组,试验组给予心理、健康行为、社会支持等干预,对照组不给予干预,比较干预前后2组空巢老人的健康行为和生活质量状况,评价干预效果.结果 本次研究的空巢老人中,慢性病患病率为51.19%,39.18%患一种疾病,32.47%患两种疾病,28.35%患三种及以上疾病,高血压、冠心病、糖尿病、脑卒中和骨关节炎患病率排在前五位;卫生服务需求中需要健康咨询的排在首位,占80.47%;就诊率随年龄升高呈上升趋势;48.28%的空巢老人就医首选社区卫生服务中心,其他不愿意去社区卫生服务中心就诊的原因包括自认为病情轻、行动不方便等;干预后试验组健康行为明显改善(P<0.05),生活质量提高(P<0.01).结论 唐山市社区空巢老人慢性病患病率、两周就诊率高,卫生服务需求多,但利用情况不容乐观;社区干预可以改善空巢老人的健康行为,提高其生活质量.
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