目的:调查了解全髋关节置换术(total hip replacement,THR)后患者主要照顾者的负担情况并探讨其相关影响因素.方法:采用自行设计的患者及照顾者一般情况调查表、患者自我护理评估表(ADL)、心理资本量表、社会支持评定量表(social support rating scale,SSRS)和照顾者负担问卷(caregiver burden inventory,CBI)对南方医科大学珠江医院的120名THR患者及其照顾者进行问卷调查.结果:THR患者主要照顾者的CBI得分为45.82±12.77,属于健康危险性负担;患者的CBI得分与社会支持总分及客观支持、对支持利用度的得分,以及心理资本总分及感恩奉献维度的得分呈负相关(P＜0.05);多元回归分析结果显示,患者自理能力、照顾者年龄、家庭人均月收入、照顾时间、感恩奉献、客观支持和对支持的利用度是照顾者负担的影响因素(P＜0.001),共可解释方差变异量的61.8％.结论:THR患者照顾者存在明显的照顾负担,提示临床医护人员应结合患者及其照顾者的个性特征制定有针对性的干预方案,调动社会支持力量,以减轻其照顾负担.%Objectives:To survey the burden of the main caregivers of total hip replacement (THR) postoperative patients and to discuss the related influence factors.Methods:The self-designed general condition questionnaire targeting patients and caregivers,patients' self-nursing scale (ADL),psychological capital scale,social support revalued scale (SRSS) and caregiver burden inventory (CBI) were adopted for 120 THR patients in our hospital and their caregivers.Results:The CBI score of the main caregivers of THR patients was 45.82± 12.77;this score indicated health risk burden.The CBI score of the patients was negatively correlated with social support score,objective support and its availability score,psychological capital score and gratitude & dedication dimension score (P＜0.05).As indicated by the multiple regression analysis results,the influence factors of caregivers' burden were as follows:patients' self-care ability,caregivers' age,family per-capita monthly income,caring time,gratitude & dedication,objective support and its availability (P＜0.001).They together could explain 61.8％ of the variance variation amount.Conclusion:The caregivers of THR patients have obvious care burden.Therefore,the dinical medical staff should work out targeted intervention scheme considering the personality characteristics of the patients and caregivers and mobilize the social support force to lighten the caregivers' care burden.
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