试验利用由79个DH系组成的'农单5号'DH群体,分别在6万株/hm~2和13.5万株/hm~2 2个密度、2次重复条件下,调查了玉米穗长、秃尖长、穗粗、穗行数、行粒数、粒长、粒宽和粒厚等穗部性状,利用在双亲间存在差异且均匀分布于玉米10条染色体上的160对SSR标记对该群体进行遗传作图,并采用复合区间作图法对上述性状进行QTL分析.结果表明:在2个密度条件下共检测出30个QTL位点,单个QTL所解释的表型变异在3 26%～31 59%之间,QTL与环境之间存在复杂的互作关系.在2个密度水平下分别检测到的qEL2a (umc1165-umc1261)与qEL2b (umc1165-umc1261)可能是同一位点,qRN4a (umc2135-bnlg292a)、qRN4b (bnlg292a-bnlg292b)和qED4 (bnlg292a-bnlg292b)也很可能是同一位点.在4.08 bin区间存在着控制穗粗或穗行数的重要基因,而该基因位于umc2135-bnlg292b标记区间.%A total of 79 DH lines derived from Nongdan 5 were used to test QTL which controlled ear traits under two densities (60 000 plants/hm~2 and 135 000 plants/hm~2) and two replications, respectively. Genetic map of the population was constructed by using 160 polymorphic SSR makers on the 10 chromosomes. The composite interval mapping method was employed to analyze the QTLs for maize ear traits such as ear length, barren tip length, ear diameter, ear row number, kernel number per row, kernel length, kernel width and kernel thickness. A total of 30 QTLs were detected under the two densities, the phenotypic variation illustrated by individual QTL ranged from 3. 26% to 31. 59%, with complicated interaction between QTL and environments. The QTL qEL2a (umcll65 - umcl261) and qEL2b (umcll65 - umcl261) detected under two densities should be the same loci, and qRN4a, qRN4b and qEDA probably are on a common site. The results suggested that there was an important gene for ear diameter and ear row numbers in the bin 4. 08, and this gene was located in the umc2135 -bnlg292b interval.
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