Objective To explore the effect of nano-hydroxyapatite/collagen scaffolds incorporating ADM-PLGA microspheres in repairing large bone defects of rabbit femoral condyle. Methods Animal models of bone defects were induced in 21 New Zealand white rabbits by drilling holes in bilateral femoral lateral condyles , and the rabbits were equally divided into 3 groups:group A as the control group with the defects untreated , group B treated by filling with nano-hydroxyapatite/collagen scaffolds (NHAC), and group C treated by filling with the nano-hydroxyapatite/collagen scaffolds incorporating ADM-PLGA microspheres (ADM-PLGA-NHAC). At week 12 after implanting , the rabbits were all sacrificed for the implanted scaffolds , which were then examined by X-ray , and Micro-CT 3D reconstruction and in histology for evaluation of the new bone formation. Results X-ray, Micro-CT and the measurement and analysis of BMD indicated thatthere was no significant differencein the new bone formation between group B and group C (P > 0.05). The histological examination revealed that. 12 weeks after operation an evident number of new born bones were seen on the implanted scaffolds in groups B and C , while very few were seen scattering in group A. Conclusion The nano-hydroxyapatite/collagen scaffolds incorporating ADM-PLGA microspheres is effective in repairing bone defect without influencing the prosthetic process.%目的：研究载阿霉素（ADM）的聚乳酸－羟基乙酸共聚物（PLGA）纳米微球的纳米羟基磷灰石／胶原支架（ADM-PLGA-NHAC）对兔股骨髁骨缺损修复的影响，为骨肉瘤切除术后的重建提供新策略。方法：21只新西兰兔随机分为3组制作股骨髁骨缺损模型，A 组骨缺损旷置，B 组植入纳米羟基磷灰石／胶原支架（NHAC），C组植入ADM-PLGA-NHAC。术后第12周末处死动物取材，进行组织学、X 线检查及Micro-CT3维重建观察，对各组标本的骨缺损区域进行X线评分及BMD值比较。结果：术后影像学检查示B、C两组骨缺损修复程度之间无明显差异（P＞0．05）。组织学检查，B、C两组植入材料广泛降解，均出现大量新生骨，而A组仅可见少量散在新生骨。结论：载ADM-PLGA微球的NHAC复合多孔支架具有良好的骨缺损修复能力，是一种理想的骨肿瘤术后重建材料。
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