Flight safety risk assessment is an important part of an airline's safty management system(SMS).The work on airlines’ flight safety risk assessment both at home and abroad was mainly confined to the airline system safety evaluation, and on flight safety risk assessment were less. These studies took single objective or subjective methods to determine the weights, there were some limitations. In this paper, based on risk assessment matrix, combined with the fuzzy comprehensive evaluation and optimal combination weight method the risk of flight safety was guantified. Then, a flight safety risk assessment index system was established, the weights of the index system were determined with the optimal combination weight method, and the comprehensive values of likelihood and severity of indicators were calculated with the fuzzy evaluation method. Ultimately, the flight safety risk assessment values were gotten. An example calculation demonstrated the feasibility, effectiveness and practicality of the method. The work could provide a decision support and theoretical base to the construction of airlines' SMS.%飞行安全风险评估是航空公司安全管理系统（SMS）建设的重要组成部分，国内外对飞行安全风险评估工作主要局限于对航空公司飞行系统安全的评价，而对飞行系统安全风险评估方面研究较少，且权重的确定多采用单一的客观赋权或主观赋权，存在一定的局限性。本文在风险评估矩阵的基础上，结合最优组合赋权法和模糊综合评判法，对飞行安全风险进行量化评估，建立飞行安全风险评估指标体系。通过最优组合赋权确定指标体系的权重，利用模糊评判法分别计算指标的风险可能性和严重度综合值，最终得到飞行安全风险评估值。示例计算验证了该方法的可行性、有效性和实用性，该评估方法可以为航空公司SMS建设提供决策支持和理论依据。
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