Marine propulsion shaft may be in operation when subjected to non-contact underwater explosion shock, while previous studies of its impulse response are only for non-operational status. For the impact response of a running shaft, gyroscopic effect and its coupling with operational load must be considered. Considering those factors, dynamic equations are established for a shaft system under base impact excitations. Time-varying impact responses are obtained after solving these equations by direct integration method in time domain and Galerkin FE method in space domain. An application example is given finally, the main conclusion is: Gyroscopic effect has an obvious influence on impact response. Operational load makes impact response increasing, but the general response doesn't equal the absolute sum of operational load stress and impact response stress in non-operational status. In the presented example, larger values of the stress response are concentrated at both ends of the shaft, that is, the propeller location and thrust bearing location. The maximum amplitude response occurs at the propeller location.%舰船推进轴系有可能在运转时遭受水下非接触爆炸冲击,而以往关于冲击响应的研究只是针对非运转状况.运转状态下轴系的冲击响应必须考虑陀螺效应和轴系本身工作载荷的影响.建立了考虑陀螺效应、剪切力、弯矩、支撑轴承油膜力的推进轴系冲击动力学模型.在时间域和空间域分别采用直接积分法和Galerkin 有限元法求解方程,得到了系统冲击响应的时间历程.对一工程实例进行解算,得到的主要结论为:陀螺效应即转速对响应的影响明显；工作载荷增大了系统固有频率,使得冲击响应增大,但总的响应不是工作载荷和不考虑工作载荷时冲击响应的绝对值相加；在所提工程实例中,应力响应的大值集中在轴系的两端,即螺旋桨位置和推力轴承位置,最大响应位移在螺旋桨位置.
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