利用加密地面观测资料、自动站资料、常规观测资料和NCEP再分析资料,分析了2012年4月10—12日福建省持续性强对流天气过程的形成机制。结果表明,此强对流天气过程是在稳定的大尺度环流背景条件下产生的,低层辐合和高层辐散相叠置、良好的水汽输送、大气层结不稳定和高CAPE值为强对流发展提供了必要的热动力条件;地面中尺度辐合线触发对流发展,而中层冷空气的侵入加剧了大气层结的不稳定,使对流发展加强;最大上升运动中心高于0℃层高度以及强的风垂直切变,有利于冰雹形成。强对流天气潜势预报分析和卫星、雷达及自动站资料的跟踪分析是做好强对流天气预报预警的有效方法。%This paper analyzes the formation mechanism of strong convective weather in Fujian 10-12 April 2012 by using the intensixe ground observation data, aulomatie station data, conventional ohservalion data and the reanalysis data of NCEP. The results show that this severe convective weather process neeurred against the stable large-scale circalation background. The superpnsilion of low-level convergertce and upper level divergent'e, the gnod water vapor transmission, Ihe unstahle ahnospherie stratification and the high CAPE value provided the necessary thermodynamic conditions for the development of sh'ong conveelion. The surface mesoseale ennvergetn'e line to.ehed off the dewelop,ent ,of convection, and Ihe inwasion of middle-level enhl air increased the instability of atmospheric' slralification strengttlening Ihe ,level- opmenl of r'nnveetion. The maxinmm upward motion level of the center was higher than 0 ℃ level and slrong vertical wind shear are cnndn- (gve h) the fimnalion of hail. The polenllal foreeast analysis of severe conveelive weather and the Irate analysis wilh salellile, radar and auto- marie station data are an efI'erqive way to do severe convective weather forecast warning.
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