ObjectiveTo observe the alteration of peripheral blood lymphocyte subsets in patients of skin squamous cell carcinoma(SCC) and analysis the correlation between prognosis,in order to investigate the immune mechanism in the development of SCC occurred,the possible mechanism.MethodsPeripheral blood T-lymphocyte subgroups and NK cells,B-lymphocyte subgroups from 46 patients with SCC were detected by flow cytometry instrument;46 healthy persons were detected as a control group. All the SCC patients were treated by surgery,followed-up of 2 year,and observed the recurrence,metastasis,and the relationship with the peripheral blood lymphocyte subsets.Results Compared with control group,the CD3+ ratio increased in peripheral blood of patients with SCC(P<0.05),the CD4+ and NK cells ratio decreased(P<0.05,P<0.01), the ratio of B lymphocyte,CD8+(P<0.05,P<0.01)increased,the value of CD4+/CD8+ decreased(P<0.05).Accompanied by the increase of tumor size,Infiltrating depth and lymph node transfer,decrease of differentiation degree,the CD4+、NK cells ratio and CD4+/CD8+ decreased,the B lymphocyte,CD8 + cells ratio increased(P<0.05);After 2 years followed-up,4 cases recurrenced and metastasized,Logistic regression analysis suggested the reduction of proportion of CD4+ and NK cells and CD4+/CD8+ values was a predictor of SCC recurrence and metastasis.ConclusionThe disorders of immune function in patients with squamous cell carcinoma existed,may be related to the humoral immune hyperfunction,suppression of cellular immune function. The proportion of CD4+ and NK cells and CD4+/ CD8+ values may predict recurrence and metastasis of SCC.%目的：观察皮肤鳞状细胞癌（SCC）患者外周血淋巴细胞亚群的变化及其意义及与预后的关系，以探讨免疫机制在SCC发生、发展中的可能机制。方法采用流式细胞仪对46例SCC患者外周血T淋巴细胞及NK、B淋巴细胞进行检测，并与46例健康对照组进行比较，同时所有SCC患者均行手术治疗，并随访2年，观察复发、转移情况，及与外周血淋巴细胞亚群的关系。结果与对照组比较，SCC患者外周血中CD3+比值升高（P<0.05），CD4+、NK细胞比例降低（P<0.05，P<0.01），B淋巴细胞、CD8+比例升高（P<0.05，P<0.01），CD4+/CD8+值降低（P<0.05）；随着肿瘤增大，伴有淋巴结转移、分化程度降低以及浸润深度的增加，外周血中血CD3+、CD8+T淋巴细胞、B淋巴细胞比例升高，CD4+T淋巴细胞、NK细胞比例以及CD4+/CD8+值降低（P<0.05），随访2年后，共有4例发生复发和转移，Logistic回归分析提示CD4+、NK细胞比例和CD4+/CD8+值降低是SCC复发和转移的预测因素。结论 SCC患者存在免疫功能失调，可能与体液免疫亢进，细胞免疫功能受抑制有关，CD4+、NK细胞比例和CD4+/CD8+值可预测SCC的复发和转移。
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