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The Roles of Growth Maturation Physical Fitness and Technical Skills on Selection for a Portuguese Under-14 Years Basketball Team

机译：成长成熟身体适应能力和技术技能在葡萄牙14岁以下篮球队选拔中的作用

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This study investigated the roles of growth, maturation, physical fitness, and technical skills on selection onto an under-14 years basketball team. The sample consisted of 150 male players, aged 13.3 ± 0.7 years, divided into selected (SE—top players chosen by coaching staff to form an elite regional team) and non-selected (NSE—remaining players) groups. Anthropometry, body composition, biological maturation, and training experience data were collected using standard procedures. Physical fitness was assessed using the Yo-Yo IE2, sit-ups, handgrip, squat jump, countermovement jump, 3 kg medicine ball throw, 20 m sprint, and T-Test. Technical skills were acquired using the American Alliance for Health, Physical Education, Recreation, and Dance (AAHPERD)’s basketball-specific test battery. Groups were compared using a Student’s t test and multivariate analysis of covariance (MANCOVA), with training experience and biological maturation as covariates. A forward stepwise discriminant function analysis was employed to identify variables that maximized the separation between groups. The results showed that SE players were taller, had greater fat-free mass, greater strength, power, and agility, and were technically more skillful compared with NSE players (p < 0.05) when controlling for training experience and maturation. It was also found that players were best discriminated by the 3 kg medicine ball throw and control dribble, revealing the importance of qualified training to achieve excellence in youth basketball. 92.7% of the basketballers were correctly classified into their original groups. It is therefore confirmed that the additional effects of training experience and biological maturation positively influenced the performance of young basketball players. We recommend that coaches focus not only on players’ body sizes, but also on their skill level, especially during adolescence, when selecting teams in order to promote sustainable long-term development.
机译：这项研究调查了14岁以下篮球队的成长，成熟，体能和技术技能在选拔中的作用。样本由150名年龄在13.3±0.7岁的男性运动员组成，分为精选组（SE-由教练组选出的顶级队员组成一支优秀的区域团队）和非精选组（NSE-剩余选手）。使用标准程序收集人体测量学，身体组成，生物成熟度和训练经验数据。使用Yo-Yo IE2，仰卧起坐，握把，下蹲跳，反向运动跳，3公斤药球投掷，20 m短跑和T-Test评估身体素质。技术技能是通过美国卫生，体育，娱乐和舞蹈联盟（AAHPERD）的篮球专用测试电池获得的。使用学生t检验和协方差的多元分析（MANCOVA）对组进行了比较，并以培训经验和生物成熟度作为协变量。采用正向逐步判别函数分析来识别使组之间的分离最大化的变量。结果显示，在控制训练经验和成熟度方面，与NSE运动员相比，SE运动员更高，具有更大的无脂肪质量，更大的力量，力量和敏捷度，并且在技术上更加熟练（p <0.05）。还发现，运动员最好通过3公斤药球投掷和控制运球来区别对待，这表明合格的训练对于实现青年篮球卓越的重要性。 92.7％的篮球运动员被正确分类为原始组。因此，可以肯定的是，训练经验和生物成熟度的附加影响对年轻篮球运动员的表现产生了积极影响。我们建议教练在选择团队时不仅要关注球员的体型，而且还要关注他们的技能水平，尤其是在青春期，以促进可持续的长期发展。

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