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RNA-guided CRISPR-Cas technologies for genome-scale investigation of disease processes

机译:RNA引导的CRISPR-Cas技术用于疾病过程的基因组规模研究

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摘要

From its discovery as an adaptive bacterial and archaea immune system, the clustered regularly interspaced short palindromic repeats (CRISPR)-Cas system has quickly been developed into a powerful and groundbreaking programmable nuclease technology for the global and precise editing of the genome in cells. This system allows for comprehensive unbiased functional studies and is already advancing the field by revealing genes that have previously unknown roles in disease processes. In this review, we examine and compare recently developed CRISPR-Cas platforms for global genome editing and examine the advancements these platforms have made in guide RNA design, guide RNA/Cas9 interaction, on-target specificity, and target sequence selection. We also explore some of the exciting therapeutic potentials of the CRISPR-Cas technology as well as some of the innovative new uses of this technology beyond genome editing.
机译:从发现它是一种适应性细菌和古细菌免疫系统以来,成簇的规则间隔的短回文重复序列(CRISPR)-Cas系统已迅速发展成为一种功能强大且具有开创性的可编程核酸酶技术,可以对细胞中的基因组进行全局和精确的编辑。该系统允许进行全面的无偏功能研究,并且已经通过揭示以前在疾病过程中作用未知的基因,已经在推动该领域的发展。在这篇综述中,我们检查和比较了最近开发的用于全球基因组编辑的CRISPR-Cas平台,并检查了这些平台在指导RNA设计,指导RNA / Cas9相互作用,靶上特异性和靶序列选择方面取得的进步。我们还探索了CRISPR-Cas技术令人兴奋的治疗潜力,以及该技术在基因组编辑之外的一些创新用途。

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