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Dynamic Financial Constraints: Distinguishing Mechanism Design from Exogenously Incomplete Regimes

机译:动态财务约束:区别于外部不完全制度的机制设计

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摘要

We formulate and solve a range of dynamic models of constrained credit/insurance that allow for moral hazard and limited commitment. We compare them to full insurance and exogenously incomplete financial regimes (autarky, saving only, borrowing and lending in a single asset). We develop computational methods based on mechanism design, linear programming, and maximum likelihood to estimate, compare, and statistically test these alternative dynamic models with financial/information constraints. Our methods can use both cross-sectional and panel data and allow for measurement error and unobserved heterogeneity. We estimate the models using data on Thai households running small businesses from two separate samples. We find that in the rural sample, the exogenously incomplete saving only and borrowing regimes provide the best fit using data on consumption, business assets, investment, and income. Family and other networks help consumption smoothing there, as in a moral hazard constrained regime. In contrast, in urban areas, we find mechanism design financial/information regimes that are decidedly less constrained, with the moral hazard model fitting best combined business and consumption data. We perform numerous robustness checks in both the Thai data and in Monte Carlo simulations and compare our maximum likelihood criterion with results from other metrics and data not used in the estimation. A prototypical counterfactual policy evaluation exercise using the estimation results is also featured.
机译:我们制定并解决了一系列受约束的信用/保险动态模型,这些模型允许道德风险和有限的承诺。我们将它们与全面保险和外部不完整的财务制度(自给自足,仅储蓄,单一资产的借贷)进行比较。我们基于机制设计,线性规划和最大可能性来开发计算方法,以估计,比较和统计测试这些具有财务/信息约束的替代动态模型。我们的方法既可以使用横截面数据,也可以使用面板数据,并允许测量误差和未观察到的异质性。我们使用来自两个单独样本的经营小型企业的泰国家庭的数据估计模型。我们发现,在农村样本中,仅外生的不完全储蓄和借贷制度使用有关消费,商业资产,投资和收入的数据提供了最佳拟合。家庭和其他网络有助于在道德风险受限的情况下使当地的消费趋于平稳。相反,在城市地区,我们发现机制设计的财务/信息制度受到的约束绝对较少,道德风险模型最适合企业和消费数据的最佳组合。我们在Thai数据和Monte Carlo模拟中执行了许多鲁棒性检查,并将我们的最大似然准则与其他指标和估计中未使用的数据的结果进行了比较。利用估算结果进行典型反事实政策评估的功能也很突出。

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