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首页> 美国卫生研究院文献>International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health >Agility Testing in Youth Football (Soccer)Players; Evaluating Reliability Validity and Correlates of Newly Developed Testing Protocols
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Agility Testing in Youth Football (Soccer)Players; Evaluating Reliability Validity and Correlates of Newly Developed Testing Protocols

机译：青少年足球（足球）运动员的敏捷性测试；评估新开发的测试协议的可靠性有效性和相关性

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Reactive agility (RAG) and change of direction speed (CODS) are important determinants of success in football (soccer), but there is an evident lack of information on reliable and valid football-specific testing procedures which will be applicable in defining sport-specific RAG and CODS in youth players. This study evaluated reliability and construct validity of newly developed tests of football-specific RAG (FS_RAG) and CODS (FS_CODS), which involved the ball kicking football technique. Additionally, factors associated with FS_RAG and FS_CODS were evaluated. The participants were youth football players (n = 59; age: 13.40 ± 1.25 years) divided according to their age into U13 (11–12 years of age; n = 29), and U15 (13–14 years of age; n = 30) categories. Additionally, performance levels (starters [first-team] vs. non-starters [substitutes]) were observed in each age category. The dependent variables were newly developed FS_RAG and FS_CODS tests. The independent variables were sprinting capacities over 10 and 20 meters (S10M, S20M), countermovement jump (CMJ), the reactive strength index (RSI), and a generic CODS test of 20 yards (20Y). The newly developed FS_CODS and FS_RAG were observed as dependent variables. Results showed appropriate intra-testing and inter-testing reliability of the FS_RAG and FS_CODS, with somewhat better reliability of the FS_CODS (ICC=0.82 and 0.79, respectively). Additionally, better reliability was evidenced in U15 than in U13 (ICC: 0.82–0.85, and 0.78-0.80 for U15 and U13, respectively). Independent samples t-test indicated significant differences between U13 and U15 in S10 ( -test: 3.57, < 0.001), S20M ( -test: 3.13, < 0.001), 20Y ( -test: 4.89, < 0.001), FS_RAG ( -test: 3.96, < 0.001), and FS_CODS ( -test: 6.42, < 0.001), with better performance in U15. Starters outperformed non-starters in most capacities among U13, but only in FS_RAG among U15 ( -test: 1.56, < 0.05). Multiple regression calculations indicated nonsignificant association between independent and dependent variables in U13 (FS_CODS: 19%, FS_RAG: 21% of the explained variance, both > 0.05), but independent variables explained significant proportion of both dependent variables in U15 (FS_CODS: 35%, FS_RAG: 33% explained variance, both < 0.05). The study confirmed the applicability of newly developed tests in distinguishing studied age categories of players. Results indicate that superiority in all studied fitness capacities is translated into performance level in U13. Meanwhile, FS_RAG seems to be important determinant of quality in U15.
机译：反应敏捷性（RAG）和方向速度变化（CODS）是足球（足球）成功的重要决定因素，但显然缺乏可靠和有效的针对足球的测试程序的信息，这些信息无法用于定义针对特定运动的测试RAG和CODS在青年运动员中。这项研究评估了足球专用RAG（FS_RAG）和CODS（FS_CODS）的最新开发测试的可靠性和结构效度，这些测试涉及踢足球技术。此外，还评估了与FS_RAG和FS_CODS相关的因素。参与者是青年足球运动员（n = 59；年龄：13.40±1.25岁），根据他们的年龄分为U13（11至12岁； n = 29）和U15（13至14岁； n = 30）类别。此外，在每个年龄类别中都观察到了表现水平（首发[第一阵容]与未发[替代]）。因变量是新开发的FS_RAG和FS_CODS测试。自变量是10米和20米以上的短跑能力（S10M，S20M），反运动跳跃（CMJ），反作用强度指数（RSI）以及20码（20Y）的通用CODS测试。观察到新开发的FS_CODS和FS_RAG是因变量。结果表明，FS_RAG和FS_CODS具有适当的测试内和测试间可靠性，而FS_CODS的可靠性更高（分别为ICC = 0.82和0.79）。此外，U15的可靠性比U13更好（ICC：U2-U15和U13分别为0.82-0.85和0.78-0.80）。独立样本t检验表明S10中U13和U15之间存在显着差异（-test：3.57，<0.001），S20M（-test：3.13，<0.001），20Y（-test：4.89，<0.001），FS_RAG（-test ：3.96，<0.001）和FS_CODS（-test：6.42，<0.001），在U15中具有更好的性能。在U13中，启动器在大多数能力上都胜过非启动器，但在U15中仅在FS_RAG中胜过（-test：1.56，<0.05）。多元回归计算表明U13中自变量和因变量之间无显着关联（FS_CODS：19％，FS_RAG：21％的解释方差，均> 0.05），但是自变量解释了U15中两个因变量的显着比例（FS_CODS：35％ ，FS_RAG：33％的解释方差，均<0.05）。这项研究证实了新开发的测试方法在区分球员年龄类别方面的适用性。结果表明，所有已研究健身能力的优越性都转化为U13的表现水平。同时，FS_RAG似乎是U15质量的重要决定因素。

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