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Roles of the Functional Interaction between Brain Cholinergic and Dopaminergic Systems in the Pathogenesis and Treatment of Schizophrenia and Parkinson’s Disease

机译:脑胆碱能和多巴胺能系统在精神分裂症和帕金森病的发病机制中的功能相互作用的作用

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摘要

Most physiologic processes in the brain and related diseases involve more than one neurotransmitter system. Thus, elucidation of the interaction between different neurotransmitter systems could allow for better therapeutic approaches to the treatments of related diseases. Dopaminergic (DAergic) and cholinergic neurotransmitter system regulate various brain functions that include cognition, movement, emotion, etc. This review focuses on the interaction between the brain DAergic and cholinergic systems with respect to the pathogenesis and treatment of schizophrenia and Parkinson’s disease (PD). We first discussed the selection of motor plans at the level of basal ganglia, the major DAergic and cholinergic pathways in the brain, and the receptor subtypes involved in the interaction between the two signaling systems. Next, the roles of each signaling system were discussed in the context of the negative symptoms of schizophrenia, with a focus on the α7 nicotinic cholinergic receptor and the dopamine D1 receptor in the prefrontal cortex. In addition, the roles of the nicotinic and dopamine receptors were discussed in the context of regulation of striatal cholinergic interneurons, which play crucial roles in the degeneration of nigrostriatal DAergic neurons and the development of L-DOPA-induced dyskinesia in PD patients. Finally, we discussed the general mechanisms of nicotine-induced protection of DAergic neurons.
机译:大脑和相关疾病中的大多数生理过程涉及多种神经递质系统。因此,阐明不同神经递质系统之间的相互作用可以允许更好的治疗方法治疗相关疾病的治疗方法。多巴胺能(DARICIC)和胆碱能神经递质系统调节包括认知,运动,情感等的各种脑功能。本综述侧重于脑大理和胆碱能系统相对于精神分裂症和帕金森病的发病机制和治疗(PD)之间的相互作用。我们首先讨论了在基底神经节,大脑中的主要天才和胆碱能途径的电机计划的选择,以及参与两个信号系统之间的相互作用的受体亚型。接下来,在精神分裂症的阴性症状的上下文中讨论每个信号系统的角色,重点在前额叶皮质中的α7烟碱胆碱能受体和多巴胺D1受体。此外,在调节纹状体胆碱能性间核的范围内讨论了烟碱和多巴胺受体的作用,这在纽格斯特里氏菌天性神经元的退化中起重要作用以及PD患者的L-DOPA诱导的嗜血瘤的发展。最后,我们讨论了尼古丁诱导的天然神经元保护的一般机制。

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