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Associations between daily mortality in London and combined oxidant capacity, ozone and nitrogen dioxide

机译：伦敦的每日死亡率与综合氧化剂容量，臭氧和二氧化氮之间的联系

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摘要

Both nitrogen dioxide (NO2) and ozone (O3) are powerful oxidants in ambient air that are intimately linked through atmospheric chemistry and which continuously interchange over very short timescales. Based upon atmospheric chemistry alone, there is a strong, a priori, reason for considering O3 and NO2 together in epidemiological studies, rather than either of the two pollutants separately in single-pollutant models. This paper compares two approaches to this, using Ox, defined as O3 + NO2, as a single metric and also using O3 and NO2 together in two-pollutant models. We hypothesised that the magnitude of the association between Ox and daily mortality would be greater than for NO2 and O3 individually. Using collocated hourly measurements for O3 and NO2 in London, from 2000 to 2005, we carried out a time series analysis of daily mortality. We investigated O3, NO2 and Ox individually in single-pollutant Poisson regression models and NO2 and O3 jointly in two-pollutant models in both all-year and season-specific analyses. We observed larger associations for mean 24-h concentrations of Ox (1.30 % increase in mortality per 10 ppb) than for O3 (0.87 %) and NO2 (0 %) individually. However, when analysed jointly in two-pollutant models, associations for O3 (1.54 %) and NO2 (1.07 %) were comparable to the Ox association. Season-specific analyses broadly followed this pattern irrespective of whether the Ox concentrations were driven by O3 production (summer) or depletion (winter). This novel approach in air pollution epidemiology captures the simultaneous impact of both oxidants whilst avoiding many of the statistical issues associated with two-pollutant models and potentially simplifies health impact calculations.
机译：二氧化氮（NO2）和臭氧（O3）都是环境空气中的强氧化剂，它们通过大气化学作用紧密相连，并在很短的时间内连续交换。仅基于大气化学，在流行病学研究中就有一个强烈的先验理由需要同时考虑O3和NO2，而不是在单一污染物模型中将两种污染物中的任何一种分开考虑。本文比较了两种方法，即使用Ox（定义为O3 ++ NO2）作为单一度量标准，以及在两种污染物模型中同时使用O3和NO2。我们假设，Ox与每日死亡率之间的关联程度将大于单独的NO2和O3。利用2000年至2005年伦敦每小时O3和NO2的并置测量，我们对每日死亡率进行了时间序列分析。在全年和特定季节分析中，我们分别在单一污染物的Poisson回归模型中调查了O3，NO2和Ox，并在两种污染物的模型中共同调查了NO2和O3。我们观察到24小时内平均Ox浓度（每10 ppb死亡率增加1.30％）比O3（0.87％）和NO2（0％）更大的关联。但是，在两种污染物模型中进行联合分析时，O3（1.54％）和NO2（1.07％）的关联性与Ox关联性相当。不管是由O3产生（夏季）还是由消耗（冬季）驱动氧气浓度，特定季节的分析都大致遵循这种模式。空气污染流行病学中的这种新颖方法可以捕获两种氧化剂的同时影响，同时避免了与两种污染物模型相关的许多统计问题，并有可能简化对健康影响的计算。

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  • 来源
    《Air quality, atmosphere & health》 |2014年第4期|407-414|共8页
  • 作者

    M. L. Williams; R. W. Atkinson; H. R. Anderson; F. J. Kelly;

  • 作者单位

    1.MRC-PHE Centre for Environment and Health Kings College London Room 4.129 Franklin Wilkins Building 150 Stamford Street London SE1 9NH UK;

    2.Public Health Research Institute and MRC-PHE Centre for Environment and Health St George’s University of London London UK;

    2.Public Health Research Institute and MRC-PHE Centre for Environment and Health St George’s University of London London UK 3.MRC-PHE Centre for Environment and Health Kings College London Franklin Wilkins Building 150 Stamford Street London SE1 9NH UK;

    3.MRC-PHE Centre for Environment and Health Kings College London Franklin Wilkins Building 150 Stamford Street London SE1 9NH UK;

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  • 正文语种 eng
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  • 关键词

    Time series; Mortality; Oxidants; Ozone; Nitrogen dioxide;

    机译：时间序列;死亡率;氧化剂;臭氧;二氧化氮;

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