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Diagnosis of Human Immunodeficiency Virus Infection Using an Immunoglobulin E-Based Assay

机译：使用基于免疫球蛋白E的检测方法诊断人类免疫缺陷病毒感染

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Immunoglobulin assays that are sensitive and specific for detecting human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1) infection are especially important in developing countries where PCR and viral culture may not be readily available. Immunoglobulin E (IgE), which is elevated in HIV-1 infection, is the only antibody that does not cross the placenta, making it potentially valuable for viral detection in both children and adults. This study developed an assay for detection of HIV specific IgE antibodies in adults. A total of 170 serum samples from 170 adults (116 HIV positive and 54 HIV negative) were analyzed. Serum or plasma samples were treated by using the protein G affinity method. The HIV status was determined by using two IgG enzyme-linked immunosorbent assays (ELISAs) and one Western blot evaluation. The IgE enzyme immunoassay test for HIV-1 correctly identified the HIV status in 98.8% of the samples (168 of 170). One false-positive and one false-negative test occurred with the IgE ELISA, as well as with the IgG ELISA test but were correctly identified by the IgE test. Analysis of the data demonstrated a high specificity (99%) and sensitivity (99%) of the IgE test, with 95% confidence intervals. The IgE assay appears to be sensitive and specific, suggesting that IgE-specific antibodies offer an effective method to detect HIV-1 infection in adults.
机译：在可能无法轻易获得PCR和病毒培养的发展中国家中，对检测1型人类免疫缺陷病毒（HIV-1）感染敏感且特异的免疫球蛋白测定尤其重要。免疫球蛋白E（IgE）在HIV-1感染中升高，是唯一不穿过胎盘的抗体，因此对于儿童和成人的病毒检测都具有潜在的价值。这项研究开发了一种检测成人HIV特异性IgE抗体的检测方法。共分析了170位成人的170位血清样本（116位HIV阳性和54位HIV阴性）。血清或血浆样品通过蛋白G亲和法处理。通过使用两次IgG酶联免疫吸附测定（ELISA）和一次Western印迹评估来确定HIV状况。针对HIV-1的IgE酶免疫分析测试正确地识别了98.8％的样本（170个样本中的168个）的HIV状况。 IgE ELISA和IgG ELISA试验分别进行了1次假阳性和1次假阴性试验，但已通过IgE试验正确鉴定。数据分析表明，IgE测试具有很高的特异性（99％）和灵敏度（99％），置信区间为95％。 IgE检测似乎是敏感和特异性的，这表明IgE特异性抗体提供了一种检测成人HIV-1感染的有效方法。

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