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首页> 外文期刊>African Journal of Food, Agriculture, Nutrition and Development >Agricultural Production, Food and Nutrition Security in Rural Benin, Nigeria
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Agricultural Production, Food and Nutrition Security in Rural Benin, Nigeria

机译：尼日利亚贝宁农村地区的农业生产，粮食和营养安全

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Although agriculture is the major economic activity in Nigerian rural areas, its inhabitants are among the most vulnerable to food and nutrition insecurity. Therefore, any effort aimed at minimizing food and nutrition insecurity must start from rural areas. This study examines agricultural production, food and nutrition security in rural areas of the Benin region in Nigeria, highlighting the major constraints. A measure of household food and nutrition security used in this study is based on dietary intake, real wage rates, employment, and incidence of illness and adequacy norms. This study is based on a food frequency questionnaire survey administered using systematic random sampling technique, participatory assessment technique, interviews with stakeholders and published materials. Some indices employed in measuring food and nutrition security in this paper are physical access, which is measured in relation to availability of agricultural infrastructure such as roads, while economic access is measured in terms of income, expenditure and estimated profit margins. Two pretested questionnaires were administered in 20 rural communities in the Benin region to elicit information from respondents were analysed using simple descriptive techniques like charts, tables and percentages. Subsistence agriculture is the mainstay of the studied rural economies and is dependent mainly on rain-fed, low-technologydriven cultivation with no access to modern farm inputs. Farming alone is the main source of income for 57% of the respondents, while fishing and trading account for the other 43%. The study reveals that although 60% of respondents are engaged in agriculture, their access to food and nutrition is insecure due in part to unstable incomes, seasonality of harvest and inadequate health and sanitary conditions. Also, lack of storage facilities in these rural communities has increased post-harvest losses and has reduced farmers’/household incomes, thereby worsening their food insecurity situation. The study also found that rural-urban migration results in shortage of manpower for agricultural activities. Lack of access to fertilizer and poor infrastructure are major factors for the decline in agricultural production in the last five years in the sampled communities. The study recommends the need for a considerable and sustained government investment in agriculture and the provision of basic facilities to support education, health care, sanitation and safe drinking water supply. This will help to ensure food and nutrition security and help to curtail rural-urban migration.
机译：尽管农业是尼日利亚农村地区的主要经济活动，但其居民最容易受到粮食和营养不安全的影响。因此，旨在减少粮食和营养不安全状况的任何努力都必须从农村地区开始。这项研究检查了尼日利亚贝宁地区农村地区的农业生产，粮食和营养安全，突出了主要制约因素。本研究中使用的家庭食物和营养安全性的衡量标准是基于饮食摄入量，实际工资率，就业以及疾病和适当标准的发生率。这项研究基于使用系统随机抽样技术，参与性评估技术，与利益相关者的访谈和出版的材料进行的食物频率问卷调查。本文中用于衡量粮食和营养安全的一些指标是实物获取，相对于道路等农业基础设施的可用性进行衡量，而经济获取则以收入，支出和估计的利润率衡量。在贝宁地区的20个农村社区中，对两份经过预先测试的问卷进行了管理，以使用简单的描述性技术（如图表，表格和百分比）对受访者的信息进行分析。自给农业是所研究的农村经济的主体，主要依靠雨养，低技术驱动的耕种，无法获得现代农业投入。仅农业是收入的主要来源，占57％，而渔业和贸易占其他43％。该研究表明，尽管60％的受访者从事农业，但由于收入不稳定，收成的季节性以及健康和卫生条件不足，他们获得食物和营养的机会并不安全。此外，这些农村社区缺乏仓储设施，增加了收获后的损失，减少了农民/家庭收入，从而加剧了他们的粮食不安全状况。研究还发现，从农村向城市的移民导致农业活动人力短缺。过去五年来，抽样社区中缺乏获得肥料和基础设施差的原因是农业产量下降的主要因素。研究建议政府需要对农业进行持续的大量投资，并提供基本设施以支持教育，保健，卫生设施和安全的饮用水供应。这将有助于确保粮食和营养安全，并有助于减少城乡之间的移民。

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