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首页> 外文期刊>Environment and Ecology Research >Effect of Gully Headcut Treatment on Sediment Load and Gully Expansion in the Sub Humid Ethiopian Highlands
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Effect of Gully Headcut Treatment on Sediment Load and Gully Expansion in the Sub Humid Ethiopian Highlands

机译：沟渠口处理对亚湿润埃塞俄比亚高地泥沙负荷和沟壑扩展的影响

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The Ethiopian government has been implementing a land restoration program that aimed to restore degraded ecosystems and double agricultural productivity throughout the country since 2010. However, the success of the restoration program has been limited due to the lack of integrating gully erosion control measures. Consequently, many reservoirs in Ethiopia and downstream riparian countries have lost their storage capacity due to sedimentation, and studies demonstrated that gully erosion is one of the degradation hotspots within watersheds and contribute considerable proportion of the total sediment loads from a particular watershed. This study was conducted in one of large gullies in the Debre-Mawi watershed, northwestern Ethiopia to quantify the effect of gully head treatment in reducing the amount of sediment load generated from uplands and from the gully itself. We measured discharge, and sediment load and concentration in 2013 and 2014 at the upstream (inlet) and downstream ends (outlet) of the studied gully. Before the 2014 rainy phase, a gully headcut was stabilized with gabions at the bed and the gully bank was regarded to 45o. The gully head retreated 12 m in 2013 but gully head retreat was stopped following the implementation of the treatment in 2014. The total sediment load and sediment concentration at the outlet was reduced by 42% and 30% respectively, in 2014 (i.e., after treatment) when compared to 2013 (i.e., before treatment). The result of this study support that controlling the upward retreat of gully head is effective in reducing sediment load and concentration as well as upward movement and expansion of gullies. However, maintenance of gully head control measures is the key to sustain the benefits.
机译：自2010年以来，埃塞俄比亚政府一直在实施一项土地恢复计划，旨在恢复退化的生态系统并使农业生产率翻番。然而，由于缺乏一体化的沟壑侵蚀控制措施，恢复计划的成功受到了限制。因此，埃塞俄比亚和下游河岸国家的许多水库由于沉积而失去了存储能力，研究表明，沟壑侵蚀是流域内退化的热点之一，占特定流域总沉积物负荷的相当大比例。这项研究是在埃塞俄比亚西北部Debre-Mawi流域的一个大型沟壑中进行的，目的是量化沟壑处理对减少高地和沟渠本身产生的泥沙量的影响。我们测量了2013年和2014年所研究的沟壑的上游（入口）和下游端（出口）的流量，泥沙负荷和浓度。在2014年雨季之前，河床的沟渠稳定，河床处装有石笼网，河沟堤被认为是45 o 。沟头在2013年后撤12 m，但在2014年实施该处理后停止了沟头后撤。2014年（即，处理后），出口处的总泥沙量和泥沙浓度分别降低了42％和30％ ）与2013年（即治疗前）相比。这项研究的结果表明，控制沟渠头的后退可有效减少泥沙负荷和浓度，以及沟壑的向上运动和扩张。但是，维持河谷水头控制措施是维持效益的关键。

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