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首页> 外文期刊>Evolution Letters >Genomic associations with bill length and disease reveal drift and selection across island bird populations
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Genomic associations with bill length and disease reveal drift and selection across island bird populations

机译：与账单长度和疾病的基因组关联揭示了岛上鸟类种群的漂移和选择

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Abstract Island species provide excellent models for investigating how selection and drift operate in wild populations, and for determining how these processes act to influence local adaptation and speciation. Here, we examine the role of selection and drift in shaping genomic and phenotypic variation across recently separated populations of Berthelot's pipit ( Anthus berthelotii ), a passerine bird endemic to three archipelagos in the Atlantic. We first characterized genetic diversity and population structuring that supported previous inferences of a history of recent colonizations and bottlenecks. We then tested for regions of the genome associated with the ecologically important traits of bill length and malaria infection, both of which vary substantially across populations in this species. We identified a SNP associated with variation in bill length among individuals, islands, and archipelagos; patterns of variation at this SNP suggest that both phenotypic and genotypic variation in bill length is largely shaped by founder effects. Malaria was associated with SNPs near/within genes involved in the immune response, but this relationship was not consistent among archipelagos, supporting the view that disease resistance is complex and rapidly evolving. Although we found little evidence for divergent selection at candidate loci for bill length and malaria resistance, genome scan analyses pointed to several genes related to immunity and metabolism as having important roles in divergence and adaptation. Our findings highlight the utility and challenges involved with combining association mapping and population genetic analysis in nonequilibrium populations, to disentangle the effects of drift and selection on shaping genotypes and phenotypes.
机译：摘要岛屿物种为研究野生种群中选择和漂移的工作方式以及确定这些过程如何影响当地的适应和物种形成提供了出色的模型。在这里，我们研究了选择和漂移在塑造贝特洛特（Berthelot）皮特（Anthus berthelotii）的最近种群中的基因组和表型变异中的作用。我们首先对遗传多样性和种群结构进行了表征，以支持先前对近期殖民化和瓶颈历史的推断。然后，我们测试了与比尔长度和疟疾感染的重要生态特征相关的基因组区域，两者在该物种的种群之间差异很大。我们确定了与个体，岛屿和群岛之间的票据长度变化相关的SNP;该SNP的变异模式表明，票据长度的表型和基因型变异在很大程度上受到创始人效应的影响。疟疾与参与免疫反应的基因附近/内部的SNP相关，但群岛之间的这种关系不一致，从而支持了抗病性复杂且发展迅速的观点。尽管我们几乎没有证据表明在候选位点的账单长度和抗疟疾能力有差异，但是基因组扫描分析指出与免疫力和代谢相关的几个基因在差异和适应中具有重要作用。我们的发现凸显了在非平衡种群中结合关联映射和种群遗传分析以消除漂移和选择对塑造基因型和表型的影响的效用和挑战。

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