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首页> 外文期刊>The Internet Journal of Tropical Medicine >Antibacterial Activity Of Allium cepa (Onions) And Zingiber officinale (Ginger) On Staphylococcus aureus And Pseudomonas aeruginosa Isolated From High Vaginal Swab
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Antibacterial Activity Of Allium cepa (Onions) And Zingiber officinale (Ginger) On Staphylococcus aureus And Pseudomonas aeruginosa Isolated From High Vaginal Swab

机译：洋葱洋葱和生姜对从阴道拭子分离的金黄色葡萄球菌和铜绿假单胞菌的抗菌活性

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The antibacterial activity of raw and aqueous extracts of Allium cepa (onions) and Zingiber officinale (ginger) against Staphylococcus aureus and Pseudomonas aeruginosa, (from high vaginal swab) that are common cause of nosocomial (hospital-acquired) and urinary tract infections was investigated using the cup-plate diffusion method. The result showed that ethanolic extract of ginger gave the widest zone of inhibition against the two test organisms at the concentration of 0.8gml-1. However, Pseudomonas aeruginosa was more sensitive to the extract of onion bulbs compared to Staphylococcus aureus. It was also observed that the solvent of extraction and its varying concentrations affected the sensitivity of the two organisms to the plant materials. The minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) of ginger extracts on the test organisms ranged from 0.1gml-1 - 0.2gml-1, showing that ginger was more effective and produced marked inhibitory effect on the two test organisms compared to the onion extracts. This investigation indicates that, though both plants had antibacterial activity on the two test organisms, ginger had more inhibitory effect thus confirming their use in folk medicine. Introduction Pseudomonas aeruginosa is the epitome of an opportunistic pathogen of humans. The bacterium almost never infects uncompromised tissues, yet there is hardly any tissue that it cannot infect if the tissue defenses are compromised in some manner. Pseudomonas exploits most defenses to initiate an infection. It causes urinary tract infections, respiratory system infections, dermatitis, soft tissue infections, bacteremia, bone and joint infections, gastrointestinal infections and a variety of systemic infections, particular in patients with severe burns and in cancer and AIDS patients who are immuno-suppressed. Other diseases it causes are pneumonia, endocarditis, chronic lung infections and septicemia and the bacterium is the 4th most commonly isolated nosocomial pathogen accounting for 10.1 percent of all nosocomial infections1. Staphylococcus aureus causes a variety of suppurative (pus-forming) infections and toxinoses in humans. Staphylococcus aureus causes superficial skin lesions such as boils, styes and more serious infections such as osteomyelities and endocarditis. It is the major cause of nosocomial infections of surgical wounds and infections associated with indwelling medical devices. Staphylococcus aureus causes food poison by releasing enterotoxins into food and toxic shock syndrome by the release of super antigens into the blood stream2.Medicinal plants may be defined as any plant that can be put to culinary or medicinal use and include those we associate with, orthodox drugs such as fox glove and opium poppy, as well as everyday plants, such as garlic3. We shall not forget that all drugs of the past were substances with a particular therapeutic action extracted from plants. More and more researchers find that food and their individual constituents perform similar fashion to modern drugs and sometimes better without the dreaded side effects4. The use of herbs and medicinal plants as the first medicines is a universal phenomenon. Every culture on earth, through written or oral tradition, has relied on the vast variety of natural chemistry found in healing plants for their therapeutic properties4.The onion is one of the oldest cultivated vegetables in history. It is thought that bulbs from the onion family have been utilized as a food source for Millennia. Onion consists of its herbaceous plant part and its edible bulb part. It is probably a native to southwestern Asia5. The leaves are bluish –green and hollow. The bulbs are large, fleshy and firm. There are three main varieties- white, red and purple skinned6. The relative pungency of onion has both genetic and environmental components. Sulphur compounds in onions have also been shown to be anti-inflammatory both by inhibiting formation of thromboxanes and by inhibiting the action of pl
机译：研究了洋葱洋葱头皮和洋葱姜的生提取物和水提取物对金黄色葡萄球菌和铜绿假单胞菌（来自高阴道拭子）的抗菌活性，这些细菌是医院（医院获得性）和尿路感染的常见原因。使用杯板扩散法。结果表明，姜汁的乙醇提取物在0.8gml-1的浓度下对两种测试生物的抑制作用范围最广。然而，与金黄色葡萄球菌相比，铜绿假单胞菌对洋葱鳞茎的提取物更为敏感。还观察到提取溶剂及其浓度的变化影响了两种生物对植物材料的敏感性。生姜提取物对受试生物的最低抑菌浓度（MIC）为0.1gml-1-0.2gml-1，表明与洋葱提取物相比，生姜更有效，对两种受测生物产生明显的抑制作用。这项研究表明，尽管两种植物对两种受试生物均具有抗菌活性，但生姜具有更大的抑制作用，从而证实了它们在民间医学中的用途。简介铜绿假单胞菌是人类机会病原体的缩影。该细菌几乎不会感染未受损的组织，但是如果组织防御以某种方式受到损害，则几乎没有任何组织无法感染。假单胞菌利用大多数防御来引发感染。它会引起尿路感染，呼吸系统感染，皮炎，软组织感染，菌血症，骨骼和关节感染，胃肠道感染和各种全身感染，特别是在严重烧伤的患者以及免疫受到抑制的癌症和艾滋病患者中。它引起的其他疾病包括肺炎，心内膜炎，慢性肺部感染和败血病，该细菌是第四常见的医院病原体，占所有医院感染的10.1％1。金黄色葡萄球菌在人类中引起多种化脓性（脓形成）感染和毒素。金黄色葡萄球菌引起浅表皮肤损伤，例如bo疮，麦粒肿和更严重的感染，例如骨髓炎和心内膜炎。它是外科伤口医院感染以及与留置医疗设备有关的感染的主要原因。金黄色葡萄球菌通过将肠毒素释放到食物中而引起食物中毒，并通过将超级抗原释放到血流中而引起中毒性休克综合症2。药用植物可定义为可用于烹饪或药用的任何植物，包括我们与之相关的植物狐狸手套和罂粟之类的药物，以及大蒜等日常植物3。我们将不会忘记过去的所有药物都是从植物中提取的具有特殊治疗作用的物质。越来越多的研究人员发现，食物及其各个成分的表现方式与现代药物相似，并且有时表现得更好，而且没有可怕的副作用4。使用草药和药用植物作为第一种药物是普遍现象。不论是书面还是口头传统，地球上的每一种文化都依靠治愈植物中发现的多种天然化学来达到治疗目的4。洋葱是历史上最古老的栽培蔬菜之一。据认为，洋葱家族的鳞茎已被用作千年的食物来源。洋葱由其草本植物部分和可食鳞茎部分组成。它可能是西南亚洲人5。叶子是带蓝色的–绿色和空心的。灯泡大，肉质且结实。主要有三个品种-白色，红色和紫色皮肤6。洋葱的相对刺激性具有遗传和环境成分。洋葱中的硫化合物还通过抑制血栓烷的形成和通过抑制脂质的作用而具有抗炎作用。

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