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首页> 外文期刊>JMIR mHealth and uHealth >Impact of a Wearable Device-Based Walking Programs in Rural Older Adults on Physical Activity and Health Outcomes: Cohort Study
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Impact of a Wearable Device-Based Walking Programs in Rural Older Adults on Physical Activity and Health Outcomes: Cohort Study

机译：一项基于可穿戴设备的农村老年人步行计划对体育锻炼和健康结果的影响：队列研究

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Background Community-dwelling older adults living in rural areas are in a less favorable environment for health care compared with urban older adults. We believe that intermittent coaching through wearable devices can help optimize health care for older adults in medically limited environments. Objective We aimed to evaluate whether a wearable device and mobile-based intermittent coaching or self-management could increase physical activity and health outcomes of small groups of older adults in rural areas. Methods To address the above evaluation goal, we carried out the “Smart Walk” program, a health care model wherein a wearable device is used to promote self-exercise particularly among community-dwelling older adults managed by a community health center. We randomly selected older adults who had enrolled in a population-based, prospective cohort study of aging, the Aging Study of Pyeongchang Rural Area. The “Smart Walk” program was a 13-month program conducted from March 2017 to March 2018 and included 6 months of coaching, 1 month of rest, and 6 months of self-management. We evaluated differences in physical activity and health outcomes according to frailty status and conducted pre- and postanalyses of the Smart Walk program. We also performed intergroup analysis according to adherence of wearable devices. Results We recruited 22 participants (11 robust and 11 prefrail older adults). The two groups were similar in most of the variables, except for age, frailty index, and Short Physical Performance Battery score associated with frailty criteria. After a 6-month coaching program, the prefrail group showed significant improvement in usual gait speed (mean 0.73 [SD 0.11] vs mean 0.96 [SD 0.27], P =.02), International Physical Activity Questionnaire scores in kcal (mean 2790.36 [SD 2224.62] vs mean 7589.72 [SD 4452.52], P =.01), and European Quality of Life-5 Dimensions score (mean 0.84 [SD 0.07] vs mean 0.90 [SD 0.07], P =.02), although no significant improvement was found in the robust group. The average total step count was significantly different and was approximately four times higher in the coaching period than in the self-management period (5,584,295.83 vs 1,289,084.66, P .001). We found that participants in the “long-self” group who used the wearable device for the longest time showed increased body weight and body mass index by mean 0.65 (SD 1.317) and mean 0.097 (SD 0.513), respectively, compared with the other groups. Conclusions Our “Smart Walk” program improved physical fitness, anthropometric measurements, and geriatric assessment categories in a small group of older adults in rural areas with limited resources for monitoring. Further validation through various rural public health centers and in a large number of rural older adults is required.
机译：背景技术与城市老年人相比，居住在农村地区的社区老年人在医疗保健方面的条件较差。我们认为，通过可穿戴设备进行间歇性指导可以帮助在医学上有限的环境中优化老年人的医疗保健。目的我们旨在评估可穿戴设备和基于移动设备的间歇性指导或自我管理是否可以增加农村地区一小群老年人的体育锻炼和健康状况。方法为了实现上述评估目标，我们实施了“ Smart Walk”计划，即一种健康护理模型，其中使用可穿戴设备促进自我锻炼，特别是在由社区卫生中心管理的居住在社区中的老年人中。我们随机选择参加基于人口的前瞻性队列研究，即平昌农村地区的衰老研究的老年人。 “智能步行”计划是一个为期13个月的计划，从2017年3月到2018年3月进行，包括6个月的指导，1个月的休息和6个月的自我管理。我们根据体弱状况评估了体育锻炼和健康结果的差异，并对Smart Walk计划进行了前后分析。我们还根据可穿戴设备的依从性进行了组间分析。结果我们招募了22名参与者（11名健壮的和11名脆弱的老年人）。两组在大多数变量中相似，除了年龄，体弱指数和与体弱标准相关的短期体能电池得分。经过6个月的辅导计划，体弱者组的正常步态速度（平均0.73 [SD 0.11]相对平均0.96 [SD 0.27]，P = .02），国际体力活动问卷调查得分（kcal）（平均2790.36 [ SD 2224.62]与平均值7589.72 [SD 4452.52]，P = .01）和欧洲5级生活质量评分（平均值0.84 [SD 0.07]与平均值0.90 [SD 0.07]，P = .02），尽管无显着性健壮组发现有改善。平均总步数显着不同，在教练期间比自我管理期间大约高四倍（5,584,295.83对1,289,084.66，P <.001）。我们发现，“长时间自我”组中使用时间最长的可穿戴设备的参与者与其他人相比，体重和体重指数分别增加了0.65（SD 1.317）和0.097（SD 0.513）。组。结论我们的“智能步行”计划改善了农村地区一小群监测资源有限的老年人的身体素质，人体测量学和老年医学评估类别。需要通过各种农村公共卫生中心和大量农村老年人的进一步确认。

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