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Identification of Anaplasma marginale Proteins Specifically Upregulated during Colonization of the Tick Vector

机译：ick虫定殖过程中特异上调的无缘质膜蛋白质的鉴定

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The transition between infection of the mammalian host and colonization of an arthropod vector is required for the ongoing transmission of a broad array of pathogens, from viruses to protozoa. Understanding how this transition is mediated provides opportunities to disrupt transmission through either chemotherapy or immunization. We used an unbiased proteomic screen to identify Anaplasma marginale proteins specifically upregulated in the tick compared to the mammalian host. Comparative mass spectrometric analysis of proteins separated by two-dimensional gel electrophoresis of uninfected and infected ISE6 cells and infected mammalian cells identified 15 proteins exclusively expressed or upregulated in tick cells. All 15 had originally been annotated as hypothetical proteins. We confirmed quantitative upregulation and expression in situ within the midgut epithelial and salivary gland acinar cells of vector ticks during successful transmission. The results support the hypothesis that A. marginale gene expression is regulated by the specific host environment and, in a broader context, that the core genome evolved in the arthropod vector with differential regulation, allowing adaptation to mammalian hosts. Furthermore, the confirmation of the in situ expression of candidates identified in ISE6 cell lines indicates that this approach may be widely applicable to bacteria in the genera Anaplasma and Ehrlichia, removing a major technical impediment to the identification of new targets for vaccine and chemotherapeutic blocking of transmission.
机译：哺乳动物宿主感染和节肢动物载体定殖之间的过渡是不断传播各种病原体（从病毒到原生动物）所必需的。了解这种转变是如何介导的，提供了通过化学疗法或免疫方法破坏传播的机会。我们使用了无偏见的蛋白质组学筛查方法来鉴定与哺乳动物宿主相比在tick中特异上调的 Anaplasma marginale 蛋白。对未感染和感染的ISE6细胞和感染的哺乳动物细胞进行二维凝胶电泳分离的蛋白质的比较质谱分析确定了在tick细胞中专门表达或上调的15种蛋白质。所有15种蛋白质最初都被标注为假设蛋白质。我们证实了在成功传播过程中，矢量壁虱的中肠上皮和唾液腺腺泡细胞中的定量上调和表达原位。结果支持 A的假设。 marginale 基因的表达受特定宿主环境的调控，在更广泛的范围内，节肢动物载体中的核心基因组具有差异性调控，从而可以适应哺乳动物宿主。此外，对在ISE6细胞系中鉴定的候选物的原位表达的确认表明，该方法可能广泛适用于浆膜和 Ehrlichia < / em>，消除了主要技术障碍，无法确定疫苗和化学疗法阻止传播的新靶标。

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