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Fabrication of nitrogen-doped ZnO nanorod arrays by hydrothermal synthesis and ambient annealing

机译：水热合成和环境退火制备氮掺杂ZnO纳米棒阵列

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Nitrogen-doped ZnO nanorod arrays (N:ZnO NRAs) were fabricated by hydrothermal synthesis using a zinc–ammine complex solution, followed by annealing at elevated temperatures under ambient conditions. After annealing at 400 °C for 1 h, Raman spectra indicated that nitrogen was incorporated in the ZnO crystal structure. NH _(3) -ligands in the zinc–ammine complex precursor were incorporated in ZnO crystals during hydrothermal crystal growth and were then ruptured during annealing. Photoluminescence spectra indicated that during post-annealing, the nitrogen was incorporated into the oxygen site, which created accompanying defects such as oxygen vacancies and/or interstitial oxygen. The absorption edge in diffuse-reflectance UV-visible spectra revealed visible absorption after post-annealing. In addition, the N:ZnO NRAs generated strong visible-light-induced photocurrents. Nitrogen doping caused a decline in carrier density, as confirmed by an electrochemical Mott–Schottky plot. These results suggest that this cost-effective fabrication has many potential applications such as solar-induced water splitting.
机译：氮掺杂的ZnO纳米棒阵列（N：ZnO NRAs）是通过水热合成，使用锌-氨基络合物溶液，然后在环境条件下于高温下退火制成的。在400°C退火1 h后，拉曼光谱表明氮已掺入ZnO晶体结构中。锌-氨基配合物前体中的NH_（3）-配体在水热晶体生长过程中被掺入ZnO晶体中，然后在退火过程中破裂。光致发光光谱表明，在退火后，氮被掺入氧位，从而产生伴随的缺陷，例如氧空位和/或间隙氧。漫反射紫外可见光谱中的吸收边缘显示了退火后的可见吸收。另外，N：ZnO NRA产生强烈的可见光感应光电流。如电化学莫特-肖特基图所证实，氮掺杂导致载流子密度下降。这些结果表明，这种具有成本效益的制造具有许多潜在的应用，例如太阳能诱导的水分解。

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