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Contrast sensitivity revealed by microsaccades

机译：微扫视显示的对比敏感度

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Microsaccades are small rapid and involuntary eye movements that occur during fixation in an apparently stochastic manner. They are known to be inhibited in response to sensory transients, with a time course that depends on the stimulus parameters and attention. However, the temporal precision of their onsets and the degree to which they can be used to assess the response of the visual system to basic stimulus parameters is currently unknown. Here we studied microsaccade response properties as a function of the contrast and spatial frequency of visual onsets. Observers (n = 18) viewed and silently counted 2-min sequences of Gabor patches presented briefly (100 ms) at 1 Hz. Contrast and spatial frequency were randomized in different experiments. We found that the microsaccade response time, as measured by the latency of the first microsaccade relative to stimulus onset following its release from inhibition, was sensitive to the contrast and spatial frequency of the stimulus and could be used to extract a contrast response function without the observers' response. We also found that contrast detection thresholds, measured behaviorally for different spatial frequencies, were highly and positively correlated (R = 0.87) with the microsaccade response time measured at high contrast (4 times the threshold). These results show that different measures of microsaccade inhibition, especially the microsaccade response time, can provide accurate and involuntary measures of low-level visual properties such as contrast response and sensitivity.
机译：微扫视是在固定过程中以明显随机的方式发生的小的快速且非自愿的眼球运动。已知它们会因感觉瞬变而受到抑制，其时程取决于刺激参数和注意力。然而，目前尚不清楚它们发作的时间精确度以及它们可用于评估视觉系统对基本刺激参数的响应的程度。在这里，我们研究了微扫视响应特性与视觉发作的对比度和空间频率的关系。观察者（n = 18）以1 Hz的短暂（100 ms）观察和默默计数了2分钟的Gabor补丁序列。对比和空间频率在不同的实验中是随机的。我们发现，通过第一个微扫视相对于刺激物从抑制作用释放后的刺激发作的潜伏期来衡量，微扫视反应时间对刺激的对比和空间频率敏感，可用于提取对比反应功能而无需观察者的回应。我们还发现，在行为上针对不同空间频率测量的对比度检测阈值与在高对比度（>阈值的4倍）下测得的微扫视响应时间高度正相关（R = 0.87）。这些结果表明，不同的微扫视抑制措施，尤其是微扫视响应时间，可以提供低水平视觉特性（如对比度响应和灵敏度）的准确和非自愿测量。

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