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Long-Term Forest Dynamics of Oromediterranean Fir Forests in Greece

机译：希腊奥罗马顿杉木森林的长期森林动态

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The present study illustrates the situation of the genus Abies in the Mediterranean and in Greece, focusing in detail on the oromediterranean forest of the southern Peloponnese, at Mt. Taygetos. The existing pattern of forest dynamics (mosaic cycle) and also the timberline dynamics are presented and explained. Since fir forests are highly susceptible to drought-related impacts (fire and fir dieback: insect outbreaks/ forest pathogens), the analysis of the present situation is put into perspective by looking at the role of direct human influence and the climatic fluctuations of the past, taking into consideration dendrochronological findings and archival climate records. In view of climate warming the question is whether in recent decades the fingerprints of climate change can already be observed in the Greek fir forests. The study concludes that drought periods and climatic extremes have been an essential part of Greek climate for many centuries, causing high natural forest vulnerability. Therefore, fir dieback and fires are not a new phenomenon either – but in recent decades the accumulation of fuel, caused by land abandonment, has increased the danger of large wildfires. Nevertheless, the Greek mountain forests are highly endangered by increases in aridity and/or more frequent climate extremes (heat waves), together with increased risk of wildfires. Recommendations for an active forest management (counteracting expected adverse effects of climate change, by focusing on the establishment of an Abies cephalonica Loudon /Pinus nigra J. F. Arnold mosaic cycle) and further scientific research are provided.
机译：本研究说明了地中海和希腊在地中海和希腊的情况的情况，详细介绍了南部伯罗奔尼撒的奥诺伯森林。 Taygetos。呈现和解释了现有的森林动力学（马赛克循环）和Timberline Dynamics的模式。由于冷杉森林对干旱相关的影响（火灾和侵袭：昆虫爆发/森林病原体）来说，通过观察直接人体影响和过去的气候波动的角色，对目前情况的分析得到了视角，考虑树木结构和档案气候记录。鉴于气候变暖的问题，问题是近几十年中，希腊冷杉森林中可以观察到气候变化的指纹。该研究的结论是，干旱时期和气候极端是希腊气候的重要组成部分，占着高世界的自然森林脆弱性。因此，杉木死后和火灾不是一种新的现象 - 但近几十年来，由土地遗弃造成的燃料的积累增加了大型野火的危险。尽管如此，希腊山森林高度濒临灭绝的是干燥的和/或更频繁的气候极端（热浪），以及野火的风险增加。通过专注于建立AndePephalonica Loudon / Pinus nigra J.F.Arnold Mosaic循环的建立，提供了积极森林管理的建议（抵消气候变化的预期不利影响），并提供了进一步的科学研究。

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