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Nature v nurture

机译：自然v培养

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SCHOLARS ARE often greatly excited by "natural experiments", events that end up separating two groups of people, allowing wonks to compare their subsequent behaviour. Much like the study of twins adopted into different households, the postwar division and eventual reunification of Germany could be seen as such an experiment. A report by the German Institute for Economic Research on working mothers, published ahead of the 30th anniversary of reunification on October 3rd, reveals the interplay between policy and attitudes that influences the decision to work. When the German Democratic Republic (GDR) in the east united with the Federal Republic of Germany (FRG) in 1990, the mothers of young children led very different lives. Life expectancy and incomes were much lower in the east, but communism did at least seem to lead to greater gender equality in labour-market outcomes. Encouraged by state policies and party ideology, mothers were almost as likely to work as fathers, and most worked full-time. In the west, where state and church encouraged mums to stay at home, less than half were in paid employment, and most of those worked part-time.
机译：学者往往受到“自然实验”的大力激动，最终将两组人民分开的事件，允许Wonks比较他们的后续行为。就像对不同家庭采用的双胞胎的研究一样，德国的战后划分和最终统一可以被视为这样的实验。德国工作母亲职业研究所的一份报告，发表于10月3日统一30周年，揭示了影响决定工作的政策和态度之间的相互作用。当东方德国民主共和国（GDR）与德意志联邦共和国（FRG）于1990年，母亲的母亲带领了非常不同的生活。东方的预期寿命和收入在劳动力市场成果中至少似乎导致了更大的性别平等。由国家政策和党派理论鼓励，母亲几乎可能担任父亲，最努力的全职工作。在西方，州和教会鼓励妈妈留在家里，不到一半的人在付费就业，大多数工作都是兼职的。

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    《The economist》 |2020年第9214期|60-60|共1页
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