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Will Technological Change Save the World? The Rebound Effect in International Transfers of Technology

机译：技术变革会拯救世界吗？国际技术转让中的反弹效应

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摘要

Technological change and its transfer to developing countries is often portrayed by policy-makers as a critical part of the solution to a resource problem such as climate change, based on the assumption that the transfer of resource-conserving technologies to developing countries will result in reduced use of natural capital by those countries. We demonstrate here, in a capital conversion based model of development, that the free transfer of resource-conserving technologies to developing countries will increase the options available to those countries, but that the way that they expend these options need not be in the direction of conserving resources. This is another example of the potential for a rebound effect to determine ultimate outcomes, here in the context of international technology transfer policy. The transfer of technologies is as likely to simply move developing countries more rapidly down the same development path as it is to alter the choices they make along that path. For this reason, the transfer of resource-conserving technologies, without incentives provided to alter development priorities, may not result in any resource-conservation at all.
机译：决策者通常将技术变革及其向发展中国家的转让描绘为解决气候变化等资源问题的关键部分，其前提是，将资源节约型技术转让给发展中国家会导致减少这些国家对自然资本的利用。我们在这里以资本转化为基础的发展模式表明，资源节约技术向发展中国家的自由转让将增加这些国家可获得的选择，但是它们扩展这些选择的方式不必朝着以下方向发展。节约资源。这是在国际技术转让政策的背景下，反弹效应可能会决定最终结果的另一个例子。技术转让有可能使发展中国家更快地沿着同一发展道路前进，而这有可能改变它们沿这一道路做出的选择。因此，在没有提供激励措施改变发展优先次序的情况下，资源节约技术的转让可能根本不会导致任何资源节约。

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  • 来源
    《Environmental & Resource Economics》 |2017年第3期|577-604|共28页
  • 作者

    Sarr Mare; Swanson Tim;

  • 作者单位

    Univ Cape Town, Sch Econ, Private Bag X3, ZA-7701 Rondebosch, South Africa;

    Grad Inst Int & Dev Studies, Dept Int Econ, Case Postale 136, CH-1211 Geneva 21, Switzerland|Grad Inst Int & Dev Studies, CIES, Case Postale 136, CH-1211 Geneva 21, Switzerland;

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