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Drivers Of Water Quality Variability In Northern Coastal Ecuador

机译：厄瓜多尔北部沿海地区水质变化的驱动因素

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摘要

Microbiological safety of water is commonly measured using indicator organisms, but the spatiotemporal variability of these indicators can make interpretation of data difficult. Here, we systematically explore the variability in Escherichia coli concentrations in surface source and household drinking water in a rural Ecuadorian village over one year. We observed more variability in water quality on an hourly basis (up to 2.4 log difference) than on a daily (2.2 log difference) or weekly basis (up to 1.8 log difference). ￡ coli counts were higher in the wet season than in the dry season for source (0.42 log difference, p < 0.0001) and household (0.11 log difference, p = 0.077) samples. In the wet season, a 1 cm increase in weekly rainfall was associated with a 3% decrease (p = 0.006) in E. coli counts in source samples and a 6% decrease (p = 0.012) in household samples. Each additional person in the river when source samples were collected was associated with a 4% increase (p - 0.026) in ￡ coli counts in the wet season. Factors affecting household water quality included rainfall, water source, and covering the container. The variability can be understood as a combination of environmental (e.g., seasonal and soil processes) and other drivers (e.g., human river use, water practices, and sanitation), each working at different time scales.
机译：水的微生物安全性通常使用指示生物来衡量，但是这些指示物的时空变异性可能使数据解释变得困难。在这里，我们系统地探索了厄瓜多尔农村乡村一年中地表水源和家庭饮用水中大肠杆菌浓度的变化。我们观察到的水质每小时变化（差异最大为2.4 log）比每天（差异最大2.2 log）或每周（差异最大1.8 log）更大。对于源样本（对数差异为0.42，p <0.0001）和家庭样本（对数差异为0.11，p = 0.077），湿季的大肠杆菌计数高于干季的细菌计数。在雨季，每周降水量增加1 cm会使源样品中的大肠杆菌数量减少3％（p = 0.006），而家庭样品中的大肠杆菌数量减少6％（p = 0.012）。河流中每增加一个人，当收集源样品时，在雨季，大肠杆菌计数增加4％（p-0.026）。影响家庭水质的因素包括降雨，水源和覆盖容器。可变性可以理解为环境（例如，季节和土壤过程）和其他驱动因素（例如，人类河流利用，水的做法和卫生设施）的组合，它们各自在不同的时间范围内起作用。

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