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Brettanomyces bruxellensis, a survivalist prepared for the wine apocalypse and other beverages

机译：Brettanomyces bruxellensis，一个为葡萄酒启示录和其他饮料准备的生存主义者

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摘要

Brettanomyces bruxellensis is a common red wine spoilage yeast. Yet, in addition to wine, it has been isolated from other ecological niches that are just as nutritionally deficient as wine. B. bruxellensis can therefore be regarded as a survivor, well adapted to colonise harsh environments not often inhabited by other yeasts. This review is focused on the nutritional requirements of B. bruxellensis and the relevance thereof for its adaptation to the different matrices within which it occurs. Furthermore, the environmental conditions necessary (e.g. aerobic or anaerobic conditions) for the assimilation of the carbon or nitrogenous sources are discussed in this review. From literature, several confusing inconsistencies, regarding nutritional sources necessary for B. bruxellensis survival, in these specialist ecological niches are evidenced. The main focus of this review is wine but other products and niches that B. bruxellensis inhabits namely beer, cider, fruit juices and bioethanol production plants are also considered. This review highlights the lack of knowledge regarding B. bruxellensis when considering its nutritional requirements in comparison to Saccharomyces cerevisiae. However, there is a large enough body of evidence showing that the nutritional needs of B. bruxellensis are meagre, explaining its ability to colonise harsh environments.
机译：勃氏布雷塔酵母是一种常见的红酒变质酵母。然而，除葡萄酒外，它还与营养上与葡萄酒一样缺乏的其他生态位分离。因此，B。bruxellensis被认为是幸存者，非常适合在其他酵母通常不居住的恶劣环境中定殖。这篇综述着重于B. bruxellensis的营养需求及其与适应其发生的不同基质的相关性。此外，在本综述中讨论了碳或氮源同化所需的环境条件（例如有氧或厌氧条件）。从文献中可以看出，在这些专门的生态位中，关于B. bruxellensis生存所必需的营养来源存在一些令人困惑的矛盾之处。本文的重点是葡萄酒，但也考虑了B. bruxellensis居住的其他产品和壁and，例如啤酒，苹果酒，果汁和生物乙醇生产厂。这篇评论强调了与啤酒酵母相比，在考虑B. bruxellensis的营养需求时缺乏知识。但是，有足够多的证据表明，B。bruxellensis的营养需求微不足道，这说明了B. bruxellensis在恶劣环境中的定殖能力。

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