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Starter cultures for cereal based foods

机译:谷类食品的发酵剂

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摘要

Fermented cereals play a significant role in human nutrition in all parts of the world where cereals grow. These fermentations are started spontaneously or there have been traditional techniques developed in order to keep starter cultures for these processes alive. With the growing impact of industrial microbiology during 20th century this traditional starter culture propagation was replaced often, especially in the dairy industry, by the use of pure, frozen or freeze-dried cultures grown on microbial media. In contrast to the production of ethanol from cereals, in sourdough a pasteurization step before inoculation is avoided due to gelatinization of starch and inactivation of endogenous enzymes. Therefore cultures must be competitive to the relatively high microbial load of the cereal raw materials and well adapted to the specific ecology determined by the kind of cereal and the process conditions. Less adapted cultures could be used, but then the process of back-slopping of cultures is limited. Although cereal fermentations take the biggest volume among fermented foods, only for sourdoughs commercial cultures are available.
机译:在谷物生长的世界各地,发酵谷物在人类营养中都起着重要作用。这些发酵是自发开始的,或者已经开发了传统技术,以使这些过程的发酵剂培养物保持活力。随着20世纪工业微生物学的影响不断扩大,这种传统的起子培养物的繁殖经常被微生物培养基上生长的纯,冷冻或冻干培养物所取代,尤其是在乳品行业。与由谷物生产乙醇相反,由于淀粉糊化和内源性酶失活,因此在酵母中避免了在接种前进行巴氏灭菌步骤。因此,培养物必须对谷物原料的较高微生物负荷具有竞争力,并且必须适应谷物种类和加工条件所确定的特定生态。可以使用适应性较低的文化,但是文化回退的过程受到限制。尽管谷物发酵在发酵食品中的使用量最大,但仅适用于发酵食品。

著录项

  • 来源
    《Food microbiology》 |2014年第2期|41-43|共3页
  • 作者

    Markus J. Brandt;

  • 作者单位

    Ernst Boecker GmbH & Co. KG, Ringstrasse 55-57, 32423 Minden, Germany;

  • 收录信息 美国《科学引文索引》(SCI);美国《化学文摘》(CA);
  • 原文格式 PDF
  • 正文语种 eng
  • 中图分类
  • 关键词

    Starter cultures; Sourdough;

    机译:入门文化;酸面团;

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