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首页> 外文期刊>Human Studies >Shared Being, Old Promises, and the Just Necessity of Affirmative Action
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Shared Being, Old Promises, and the Just Necessity of Affirmative Action

机译：共有的存在，旧的承诺和平权行动的正当必要性

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Although the residues of official segregation are widespread, affirmative action continues to meet resistance in both official and everyday life, even in such recent Supreme Court decisions as Grutter v Bollinger (539 U.S. 306). This is due in part to a governing ontology that draws the line between individual and collective. But there are other possibilities for conceiving the social, and I offer one here in a theory of affirmative action that is developed through close examination of sharing and promising as elemental qualities of equitable communal life. The nature and value of these actions are demonstrated in narrative formulations of fairness as exemplified in triage and the situation at the end of slavery; of the difference between equality and equity and how justice depends on their conjunction; and finally of theorizing how these may come together in the permutable, opaque, yet resilient interdependence of person and community that represents most deeply the Greek idea of two in one, that is, of one two, not two ones. In these respects the paper is successful insofar as it discloses the kinds of reasoning that underlie both resistance and commitment to affirmative action.
机译：尽管官方隔离的残余很普遍，但平权行动在官方和日常生活中仍然遇到阻力，即使在最近的最高法院判决中，例如Grutter诉Bollinger案（539 U.S. 306）。这部分是由于统治本体在个体和集体之间划清界限。但是，还有其他可能的方式来构想社会，我在这里提供了一种平权行动理论，该理论是通过仔细研究分享和作为公平的共同生活的基本素质而发展起来的。这些行动的性质和价值在叙述性的公平表述中得到了证明，例如分流和奴隶制末期的情况。平等与公平之间的区别以及正义如何取决于它们的结合；最后，从理论上将这些因素如何在人与社区的可置换，不透明但具有弹​​性的相互依存关系中融合在一起，这在希腊语中最深刻地体现了二合一，即一二而非二的观念。从这些方面来说，本文是成功的，因为它公开了构成平权行动的阻力和承诺的各种推理。

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