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Fuel-efficient stoves for Darfur: The social construction of subsistence marketplaces in post-conflict settings

机译：达尔富尔省油灶：冲突后环境中生存市场的社会建设

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摘要

This paper explores the development of market roles and transactions in fuel-efficient stoves in Darfur from 1997 to 2008 as a grounded example of how subsistence markets are socially constructed in post-conflict settings. Using a combination of archival texts, interviews, and real-time discourses by protagonists, this study explains the who, what, why and how of emergent marketplaces by showing how development interventions come to imbue market participants and transactions with socially (re) constructed meanings. The fitful emergence of subsistence marketplaces for fuel-efficient in Darfur is punctuated by development interventions which at times under- or misrepresent market participants and by successes and failures in bringing together trainers, producers, sellers, consumers and users of fuel-efficient stoves. Subsidies and handouts delay and distort the emergence of grassroots demand, choices, and prices; a plurality of competing development interventions re-shape the supply. By the end of 2008, the subsistence market for fuel-efficient stoves catches momentum, engaging over 52% of the Darfuri communities in market transactions for the product. As market participants gain voice and influence they reshape the market to favour mud stoves over metal stoves. Reports by several development organizations suggest that among fuel-efficient stove users, 90% use mud models, and 49% of women who own both mud and metal stoves prefer mud stoves.
机译：本文探讨了达尔富尔省在1997年至2008年间节油灶的市场角色和交易的发展情况，以此作为在冲突后环境中如何构建生存市场的基础实例。通过结合档案文字，访谈和主角的实时话语，本研究通过显示发展干预如何使市场参与者和交易具有社会（重新）建构的含义，来解释谁出现了谁，什么，为什么以及如何出现新兴市场。 。达尔富尔省节油自给市场的适当出现是由于发展干预措施的出现，这些干预措施有时会低估或误导市场参与者，以及使节油灶的培训者，生产者，销售者，消费者和用户聚集在一起的成败。补贴和发放物资延迟和扭曲了基层需求，选择和价格的出现；众多竞争性发展干预措施重塑了供应。到2008年底，节油灶的生存市场迅速发展，使52％的Darfuri社区参与了该产品的市场交易。随着市场参与者获得发言权和影响力，他们重塑了市场，以泥炉取代金属炉。几个开发组织的报告表明，在省油灶用户中，有90％使用泥炉模型，同时拥有泥炉和金属炉的女性中有49％偏爱泥炉。

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