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Combining formal and informal contract enforcement in a developed legal system: a latent class approach

机译:将正式和非正式合同执行在发达的法律制度中结合起来:一种潜在的阶级方法

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How do firms combine a broad range of contract enforcement mechanisms into coherent governance structures? How often are distinct structures used in an economy? We develop a new empirical approach, based on latent class analysis, to answer these questions. Economy-level data from Hungary are used to derive a data-driven typology of contractual governance between firms. The joint use of law, morality, self-enforcing contracts, reputation and community norms is examined. They are shown to be combined into bilateral, third-party or comprehensive governance structures. The crucial governance choice is whether to move beyond bilateralism and, if yes, whether to use a mixture of (formal and informal) third-party mechanisms as a substitute or a complement. Complementarity is much more common. We find no instances of 'impersonal exchange'; the law never stands alone. By implication, economic development may be best understood as a process from a narrower towards a broader set of enforcement mechanisms.
机译:公司如何将广泛的合同执法机制与一致的治理结构相结合?经济中使用的不同结构频率如何?我们基于潜在课程分析,开发一种新的实证方法,以回答这些问题。来自匈牙利的经济层面数据用于获得公司之间的合同治理的数据驱动的类型。审查了合同法律,道德,自行执行合同,声誉和社区规范的联合使用。它们被证明将合并为双边,第三方或全面的治理结构。至关重要的治理选择是是否超越双边主义,如果是,是否使用(正式和非正式)第三方机制的混合物作为替代或补充。互补性更为常见。我们发现没有“非洲交易所”的情况;法律从未独自站立。通过暗示,经济发展可以最好地理解为一个较窄的一套强制执行机制的过程。

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