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首页> 外文期刊>Marine Chemistry >Resolving the paradox: Continuous cell-free alkaline phosphatase activity despite high phosphate concentrations
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Resolving the paradox: Continuous cell-free alkaline phosphatase activity despite high phosphate concentrations

机译：尽管磷酸盐浓度高，但仍然可以解决悖论：连续的细胞碱性磷酸酶活性

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摘要

It is generally recognised that enzymatic activities are controlled by their end-product concentration, so that when the end-product concentration is high the enzyme activity is low and vice versa. In the marine environment, however, high alkaline phosphatase (APase) activities at high inorganic phosphorus (P-i) concentrations are commonly observed. This represents a paradox that has been unresolved for decades. This study builds on recent advances in the understanding of the role of cell-free versus cell-associated extracellular enzymatic activities (EEAs) to find an explanation for this long-time enigma. Data was collected from coastal (biweekly for 1 y), epi-and mesopelagic waters open-ocean (bimonthly for 9 months) and lab experiments to investigate the relation between APase (cell-free and cell-associated) and P-i. The proportion of cell-free APase was consistently high across all these marine environments (ranging from 65 to 100% of the total activity), irrespective of the P-i concentration. A residence times experiment performed with APase enzymes from the same marine environment confirmed that cell-free APase maintained most of its activity (ca. 75% of the initial in situ activity) over a 16-day incubation. This demonstrates the long lifetime of APase in the marine environment, and the potential for spatial and temporal decoupling between the P-i concentrations and the total APase activity. Collectively, these results together with previous evidence, suggest that the persistent presence of cell-free APase activity provides a reasonable explanation for the paradox of high potential APase activities at high end-product (P-i) concentration in the marine environment. Ultimately, this finding also serves as an example of the potential critical role that cell-free enzymes play in the ecology and biogeochemistry of the ocean.
机译：通常认识到，通过它们的最终产物浓度控制酶活性，因此当酶浓度高时，酶活性低，反之亦然。然而，在海洋环境中，通常观察到高无机磷（P-1）浓度的高碱性磷酸酶（Apase）活性。这代表了几十年来未解决的悖论。本研究在理解无细胞与细胞相关的细胞外酶活性（EEAS）的作用方面建立了最近的进展，以找到这种长时间谜的解释。从沿海（双周为1 y），Epi-and Mesopelagic Waters Oppoor-Ocean（Semonthly持续9个月）和实验室实验中收集数据，以研究Apase（无细胞和细胞相关）和P-I之间的关系。无论p-I浓度如何，无细胞均匀的比例在所有这些海洋环境中始终高（范围为总活动的65％）。来自同一海洋环境的嗜睡酶进行的停留时间实验证实，在16天的孵育中，无细胞暂存使其大部分活动（约75％的原位活动中的初始活性）。这证明了海洋环境中的秋季偶然的寿命，以及P-I浓度与总血上的空间和时间去耦的可能性。总的来说，这些结果与以前的证据一起表明，无细胞嗜睡活性的持续存在为海洋环境中高端产物（P-I）浓度的高潜在血酶活性的悖论提供了合理的解释。最终，这种发现还可以作为潜在的关键作用，即无细胞酶在海洋的生态和生物地球化学中发挥作用。

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