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首页> 外文期刊>Marine ecology >Predation has no competition: factors influencing space and resource use by echinoids in deep-sea coral habitats, as evidenced by continuous video transects
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Predation has no competition: factors influencing space and resource use by echinoids in deep-sea coral habitats, as evidenced by continuous video transects

机译：捕食没有竞争：连续视频样带证明，影响深海珊瑚生境中类固醇的空间和资源利用的因素

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Predation and competition are highly influential factors determining space use in foraging animals, and ultimately contribute to the spatial heterogeneity observed within habitats. Here we investigated the influence of competition and predation on space and resource use via continuous video transect observations - a tool that has not previously been employed for this purpose. This study therefore also evaluates video data as a pragmatic tool to study community interactions in the deep sea. Observations were compiled from 15 video transects spanning five submarine canyons in the Bay of Biscay, France. Substrate choice, positioning on the coral, echinoid aggregate size, and the presence/absence of predators (e.g. fish and decapods) as well as competitors (both interand intra-specific) were recorded. Two dominant co-existing echinoid taxa, echinothurids and Cidaris cidaris (3188 total observations), were observed in the study. For the echinothurids, no significant trends were detected in the interand intra-specific competition data. For Cidaris cidaris, significant shifts in substrate use were correlated to the presence of inter-specific competitors (echinothurids), whereby an increase in dead coral substrate usage was observed. Highly significant patterns were detected amongst echinoids near fish and decapod predators. A shift to the base of the coral infra-structure was correlated to the presence of fish, and fewer individuals were observed in the open areas of the reef and a greater number were found in the mid and top sections of the coral when in the presence of decapods. Aggregates formed irrespective of the presence of predators. Aggregations are likely to form for feeding and reproduction rather than for defensive purposes; and migration along the coral infra-structure may be a predator-driven behaviour as echinoids seek refuge from predators. Predation risk might play a stronger - or more detectable - role in structuring echinoid space and resource use in deep-sea coral habitats. In addition, the study successfully detected patterns in the video data thereby demonstrating its potential usefulness for similar ecological studies on other deep-dwelling megabenthos.
机译：捕食和竞争是决定在觅食动物中利用空间的重要因素，并最终导致在生境中观察到空间异质性。在这里，我们通过连续的视频横断面观察研究了竞争和掠夺对空间和资源使用的影响-这是以前未曾用于此目的的工具。因此，本研究还评估了视频数据，作为研究深海社区互动的实用工具。观测是从横跨法国比斯开湾的五个海底峡谷的15个视频样点汇编而来的。记录底物的选择，在珊瑚上的位置，类chin虫的总大小以及是否存在捕食者（例如鱼类和十足动物）以及竞争者（种内和种内）。在该研究中，观察到两种主要的共存类棘突类动物类，即棘皮类动物和奇异鸟类（共3188个观察值）。对于棘皮动物，在种间和种内竞争数据中未发现明显趋势。对于Cidaris cidaris，底物使用的显着变化与种间竞争者（棘皮动物）的存在相关，从而观察到死珊瑚底物使用的增加。在鱼类和十足动物捕食者附近的类固醇中检测到高度重要的模式。移至珊瑚基础结构的底部与鱼类的存在有关，在存在珊瑚礁的开放区域时，观察到的个体减少，而在珊瑚的中部和顶部发现的个体数量更多十足动物。聚集体的形成与食肉动物的存在无关。聚集可能是为了喂养和繁殖，而不是为了防御。沿珊瑚基础设施的迁徙可能是捕食者驱动的行为，因为类固醇类动物会躲避捕食者。在构造深海珊瑚生境中的棘突类空间和资源利用方面，捕食风险可能会发挥更大或更可检测的作用。此外，这项研究成功地检测到了视频数据中的模式，从而证明了其对其他深层大型底栖动物的类似生态研究的潜在有用性。

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