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Comparative Risk Assessment of spill response options for a deepwater oil well blowout: Part 1. Oil spill modeling

机译：深水油井喷泄漏应急方案的比较风险评估：第1部分。溢油建模

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Oil spill model simulations of a deepwater blowout in the Gulf of Mexico De Soto Canyon, assuming no intervention and various response options (i.e., subsea dispersant injection SSDI, in addition to mechanical recovery, in-situ burning, and surface dispersant application) were compared. Predicted oil fate, amount and area of surfaced oil, and exposure concentrations in the water column above potential effects thresholds were used as inputs to a Comparative Risk Assessment to identify response strategies that minimize long-term impacts. SSDI reduced human and wildlife exposure to volatile organic compounds; dispersed oil into a large water volume at depth; enhanced biodegradation; and reduced surface water, nearshore and shoreline exposure to floating oil and entrained/dissolved oil in the upper water column. Tradeoffs included increased oil exposures at depth. However, since organisms are less abundant below 200 m, results indicate that overall exposure of valued ecosystem components was minimized by use of SSDI.
机译：比较了墨西哥湾德索托峡谷深水井喷的溢油模型模拟，假设没有干预和采取各种应对措施（例如，海底分散剂注入SSDI，以及机械采收，现场燃烧和表面分散剂应用） 。预测的油分，表层油的量和面积以及水柱中潜在影响阈值以上的暴露浓度被用作比较风险评估的输入，以识别将长期影响降至最低的应对策略。 SSDI减少了人类和野生生物对挥发性有机化合物的暴露；在深处将油分散到大量的水中；增强的生物降解；减少上层水柱中的地表水，近岸和海岸线暴露于浮油和夹带/溶解的油中。权衡取舍包括增加深层石油暴露。但是，由于200µm以下的生物数量较少，因此结果表明，使用SSDI可将有价值的生态系统组件的总体暴露降至最低。

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