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Containing the Atom: Sociotechnical Imaginaries and Nuclear Power in the United States and South Korea

机译：包含原子：美国和韩国的社会技术想象和核电

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摘要

STS research has devoted relatively little attention to the promotion and reception of science and technology by non-scientific actors and institutions. One consequence is that the relationship of science and technology to political power has tended to remain undertheorized. This article aims to fill that gap by introducing the concept of "sociotechnical imaginaries." Through a comparative examination of the development and regulation of nuclear power in the US and South Korea, the article demonstrates the analytic potential of the imaginaries concept. Although nuclear power and nationhood have long been imagined together in both countries, the nature of those imaginations has remained strikingly different. In the US, the state's central move was to present itself as a responsible regulator of a potentially runaway technology that demands effective "containment." In South Korea, the dominant imaginary was of "atoms for development" which the state not only imported but incorporated into its scientific, technological and political practices. In turn, these disparate imaginaries have underwritten very different responses to a variety of nuclear shocks and challenges, such as Three Mile Island (TMI), Chernobyl, and the spread of the anti-nuclear movement.
机译：STS研究对非科学参与者和机构对科学技术的促进和接受的关注相对较少。结果之一是，科学技术与政治权力之间的关系一直处于理论不足的状态。本文旨在通过引入“社会技术想象”的概念来填补这一空白。通过对美国和韩国核电发展与监管的比较研究，本文证明了假想概念的分析潜力。尽管长期以来两国都曾一起设想过核电和国家，但这些想象的性质仍然截然不同。在美国，该州的主要举动是将自己摆在负责任的，可能需要失控技术的监管者手中。在韩国，主要的假想是“发展的原子”，国家不仅将其引入，而且将其纳入其科学，技术和政治实践。反过来，这些截然不同的虚构人物对诸如三哩岛（TMI），切尔诺贝利和反核运动的蔓延之类的各种核冲击和挑战做出了截然不同的反应。

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