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Reprogramming human T cell function and specificity with non-viral genome targeting

机译:用非病毒基因组靶向重编程人T细胞功能和特异性

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摘要

Decades of work have aimed to genetically reprogram T cells for therapeutic purposes(1,2 )using recombinant viral vectors, which do not target transgenes to specific genomic site(3,4). The need for viral vectors has slowed down research and clinical use as their manufacturing and testing is lengthy and expensive. Genome editing brought the promise of specific and efficient insertion of large transgenes into target cells using homology-directed repair(5,6). Here we developed a CRISPR-Cas9 genome-targeting system that does not require viral vectors, allowing rapid and efficient insertion of large DNA sequences (greater than one kilobase) at specific sites in the genomes of primary human T cells, while preserving cell viability and function. This permits individual or multiplexed modification of endogenous genes. First, we applied this strategy to correct a pathogenic IL2RA mutation in cells from patients with monogenic autoimmune disease, and demonstrate improved signalling function. Second, we replaced the endogenous T cell receptor (TCR) locus with a new TCR that redirected T cells to a cancer antigen. The resulting TCR-engineered T cells specifically recognized tumour antigens and mounted productive anti-tumour cell responses in vitro and in vivo. Together, these studies provide preclinical evidence that non-viral genome targeting can enable rapid and flexible experimental manipulation and therapeutic engineering of primary human immune cells.
机译:数十年的工作旨在使用重组病毒载体对T细胞进行遗传重编程以达到治疗目的(1,2),该载体不将转基因靶向特定的基因组位点(3,4)。对病毒载体的需求减慢了研究和临床应用,因为它们的制造和测试时间长且昂贵。基因组编辑带来了使用同源性指导的修复技术将大型转基因特异且有效地插入靶细胞的希望(5,6)。在这里,我们开发了一种不需要病毒载体的CRISPR-Cas9基因组靶向系统,可以在人类T细胞基因组的特定位点快速有效地插入大DNA序列(大于一千个碱基),同时保留细胞活力和功能。这允许对内源基因进行单个或多重修饰。首先,我们应用该策略纠正单基因自身免疫性疾病患者细胞中的致病性IL2RA突变,并证明信号功能得到改善。其次,我们用新的TCR替代了内源性T细胞受体(TCR)基因座,该新的TCR将T细胞重定向至癌症抗原。所得的TCR工程改造的T细胞在体外和体内都能特异性识别肿瘤抗原并产生有效的抗肿瘤细胞反应。总之,这些研究提供了临床前证据,即非病毒基因组靶向可以实现对原代人免疫细胞的快速灵活的实验操作和治疗工程。

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  • 来源
    《Nature》 |2018年第7714期|405-409|共5页
  • 作者单位

    Univ Calif San Francisco, Med Scientist Training Program, San Francisco, CA 94143 USA;

    Univ Calif Los Angeles, Dept Med, Los Angeles, CA 90024 USA;

    Univ Calif San Francisco, Dept Microbiol & Immunol, San Francisco, CA 94143 USA;

    Univ Calif San Francisco, Dept Microbiol & Immunol, San Francisco, CA 94143 USA;

    Univ Calif San Francisco, UCSF Helen Diller Family Comprehens Canc Ctr, San Francisco, CA 94143 USA;

    Univ Calif San Francisco, Dept Microbiol & Immunol, San Francisco, CA 94143 USA;

    Univ Calif San Francisco, Med Scientist Training Program, San Francisco, CA 94143 USA;

    Univ Calif Los Angeles, Dept Med, Los Angeles, CA 90024 USA;

    Univ Calif Los Angeles, Dept Med, Los Angeles, CA 90024 USA;

    Univ Calif San Francisco, Dept Cellular & Mol Pharmacol, San Francisco, CA 94143 USA;

    Univ Calif San Francisco, Dept Microbiol & Immunol, San Francisco, CA 94143 USA;

    Univ Calif San Francisco, Dept Microbiol & Immunol, San Francisco, CA 94143 USA;

    Univ Calif San Francisco, Diabet Ctr, San Francisco, CA 94143 USA;

    Univ Calif San Francisco, Diabet Ctr, San Francisco, CA 94143 USA;

    NCI, HIV Dynam & Replicat Program, Vector Design & Replicat Sect, Frederick, MD 21701 USA;

    Yale Sch Med, Dept Immunobiol, New Haven, CT USA;

    Yale Sch Med, Dept Immunobiol, New Haven, CT USA;

    Stanford Univ, Dept Pediat, Div Stem Cell Transplantat & Regenerat Med, Stanford, CA 94305 USA;

    Univ Chicago, Dept Med, Sect Adult & Pediat Endocrinol Diabet & Metab, 5841 S Maryland Ave, Chicago, IL 60637 USA;

    Univ Chicago, Dept Human Genet, Chicago, IL 60637 USA;

    Univ Chicago, Dept Human Genet, Chicago, IL 60637 USA;

    Takara Bio USA Inc, Mountain View, CA USA;

    Takara Bio USA Inc, Mountain View, CA USA;

    Takara Bio USA Inc, Mountain View, CA USA;

    Chan Zuckerberg Biohub, San Francisco, CA 94158 USA;

    Univ Nebraska, Med Ctr, Mouse Genome Engn Core Facil, Vice Chancellor Res Off, Omaha, NE USA;

    Univ Nebraska, Med Ctr, Mouse Genome Engn Core Facil, Vice Chancellor Res Off, Omaha, NE USA;

    Takara Bio USA Inc, Mountain View, CA USA;

    Takara Bio USA Inc, Mountain View, CA USA;

    NCI, HIV Dynam & Replicat Program, Vector Design & Replicat Sect, Frederick, MD 21701 USA;

    Univ Calif San Francisco, Dept Cellular & Mol Pharmacol, San Francisco, CA 94143 USA;

    Univ Calif San Francisco, Dept Microbiol & Immunol, San Francisco, CA 94143 USA;

    Univ Calif San Francisco, Dept Lab Med, San Francisco, CA 94143 USA;

    Chan Zuckerberg Biohub, San Francisco, CA 94158 USA;

    Univ Calif San Francisco, UCSF Helen Diller Family Comprehens Canc Ctr, San Francisco, CA 94143 USA;

    Yale Sch Med, Dept Pediat Pathol, New Haven, CT USA;

    Univ Chicago, Dept Med, Sect Adult & Pediat Endocrinol Diabet & Metab, 5841 S Maryland Ave, Chicago, IL 60637 USA;

    Stanford Univ, Dept Pediat, Div Stem Cell Transplantat & Regenerat Med, Stanford, CA 94305 USA;

    Yale Sch Med, Dept Immunobiol, New Haven, CT USA;

    Stanford Univ, Dept Pediat, Div Stem Cell Transplantat & Regenerat Med, Stanford, CA 94305 USA;

    Childrens Hosp Philadelphia, Div Immunol & Allergy, Philadelphia, PA 19104 USA;

    Yale Univ, Dept Immunobiol, New Haven, CT USA;

    Univ Calif Los Angeles, Dept Med, Los Angeles, CA 90024 USA;

    Univ Calif San Francisco, Dept Cellular & Mol Pharmacol, San Francisco, CA 94143 USA;

    Univ Calif San Francisco, Dept Microbiol & Immunol, San Francisco, CA 94143 USA;

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