The Nature Insight 'Frontiers in Biology' aims to cover timely and important developments across biology, ranging from subcellular molecular mechanisms to whole-organism physiology, and biomedicine. The Insight begins with a review on the amygdala, a brain structure that responds to both negative and positive associations during functionally different behaviours. This structure has assumed a complex position within the circuits underlying emotional and motivational processes. Embracing this complexity, Patricia Janak and Kay Tye reveal how advances in genetic targeting, anatomical tracing and neuronal activity modulation are providing the means to define a road map for this important structures complex connectivity.
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