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首页> 外文期刊>Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America >Parallel up-regulation of the profilin gene family following independent domestication of diploid and allopolyploid cotton (Gossypium)
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Parallel up-regulation of the profilin gene family following independent domestication of diploid and allopolyploid cotton (Gossypium)

机译：二倍体和异源多倍体棉（棉）独立驯化后profilin基因家族的平行上调

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Cotton is remarkable among our major crops in that four species were independently domesticated, two allopolyploids and two diploids. In each case thousands of years of human selection transformed sparsely flowering, perennial shrubs into highly productive crops with seeds bearing the vastly elongated and abundant single-celled hairs that comprise modern cotton fiber. The genetic underpinnings of these transformations are largely unknown, but comparative gene expression profiling experiments have demonstrated up-regulation of profilin accompanying domestication in all three species for which wild forms are known. Profilins are actin monomer binding proteins that are important in cytoskeletal dynamics and in cotton fiber elongation. We show that Gossypium diploids contain six profilin genes (GPRF1-GPRF6), located on four different chromosomes (eight chromosomes in the allopolyploid). All but one profilin (GPRF6) are expressed during cotton fiber development, and both homeologs of GPRF1-GPRF5 are expressed in fibers of the allopolyploids. Remarkably, quantitative RT-PCR and RNAseq data demonstrate that GPRF1-GPRF5 are all up-regulated, in parallel, in the three independently domesticated cottons in comparison with their wild counterparts. This result was additionally supported by iTRAQ proteomic data. In the allopolyploids, there This usage of novel should be fine, since it refers to a novel evolutionary process, not a novel discovery has been novel recruitment of the sixth profilin gene (GPRF6) as a result of domestication. This parallel up-regulation of an entire gene family in multiple species in response to strong directional selection is without precedent and suggests unwitting selection on one or more upstream transcription factors or other proteins that coordinately exercise control over profilin expression.
机译：在我们的主要农作物中，棉花是杰出的，因为四个物种是独立驯化的，两个同种多倍体和两个二倍体。在每种情况下，数千年来的人类选择将稀疏开花的多年生灌木转变为高产作物，种子上长有包含现代棉纤维的细长且丰富的单细胞毛发。这些转化的遗传基础在很大程度上是未知的，但是比较基因表达谱分析实验表明，伴随着驯化，在已知野生型的所有三个物种中，脯氨酸蛋白的上调。脯蛋白是肌动蛋白单体结合蛋白，在细胞骨架动力学和棉纤维伸长中很重要。我们显示，棉二倍体包含六个位于四个不同的染色体（同种多倍体中的八个染色体）的profilin基因（GPRF1-GPRF6）。除一个纤维蛋白原（GPRF6）以外，所有其他蛋白均在棉纤维发育过程中表达，GPRF1-GPRF5的两个同源基因均在同素多倍体的纤维中表达。值得注意的是，定量RT-PCR和RNAseq数据表明，与野生野生棉相比，在三个独立驯化的棉花中，GPRF1-GPRF5均同时被上调。 iTRAQ蛋白质组学数据进一步支持了该结果。在异源多倍体中，这种新颖的用法应该很好，因为它指的是新的进化过程，而不是新颖的发现，因为驯化已导致第六种脯氨酸蛋白基因（GPRF6）的新募集。响应强方向选择，多个物种中整个基因家族的这种平行上调是没有先例的，并且表明对一个或多个上游转录因子或其他可协同行使对纤溶蛋白表达控制的蛋白质的不明智选择。

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