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首页> 外文期刊>Preventive Medicine: An International Journal Devoted to Practice and Theory >Smoking initiation and cessation by gender and educational level in Catalonia, Spain.
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Smoking initiation and cessation by gender and educational level in Catalonia, Spain.

机译：西班牙加泰罗尼亚按性别和受教育程度的吸烟开始和戒烟。

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BACKGROUND: The role of gender and socioeconomic status in smoking has been characterized in the United States and Northern European countries. However, there is scarce information of the dynamic of the tobacco epidemic in Southern European countries. The aim of this study was to analyze smoking initiation and cessation according to level of education and gender in Catalonia, Spain. METHODS: Data from the Catalan Health Survey (1994), a cross-sectional study based in a representative sample of the noninstitutionalized population of Catalonia, was used. The relative risks and 95% confidence interval of smoking initiation were computed by means of Cox's regression. The odds ratios and 95% confidence intervals of quitting smoking were derived from logistic regression models. Direct responses from 4,370 men and 5,213 women ages 25 years or over were included for analysis. RESULTS: Ever smoking was inversely related to level of education in men. Males with the highest educational level tended to have a lower probability of being a smoker at a given age than those with less than primary school (relative risk = 0.6; 95% confidence interval: 0.5-0.7). This pattern appeared with small variation across age groups. In women, a reverse trend was present: the higher the level of education the higher the relative risk of starting smoking (relative risk = 4.6; 95% confidence interval: 3.1-6.7). Quitting smoking was more likely among men and women with higher education as compared to men and women with less than primary school (men: odds ratio = 1.5; 95% confidence interval 1.1-2.1; women: odds ratio = 4.6; 95% confidence interval: 2.1-10.4). CONCLUSIONS: The differential effect of education according to gender may reflect different phases of the smoking epidemic. In Catalonia, the transition of smoking from upper and lower socioeconomic groups occurred recently among men, and women have currently begun to experience this transition. Copyright 2001 American Health Foundation and Academic Press.
机译：背景：在美国和北欧国家，性别和社会经济地位在吸烟中的作用已被定性。但是，关于南欧国家烟草流行动态的信息很少。这项研究的目的是根据西班牙加泰罗尼亚的教育程度和性别对吸烟的起止进行分析。方法：使用来自加泰罗尼亚卫生调查（1994年）的数据，这是一项横断面研究，其基础是加泰罗尼亚非制度化人口的代表性样本。通过Cox回归计算吸烟开始的相对风险和95％置信区间。戒烟的几率和95％的置信区间均来自逻辑回归模型。分析包括来自25岁或25岁以上的4,370名男性和5,213名女性的直接回答。结果：吸烟与男性受教育程度成反比。受教育程度最高的男性在给定年龄段吸烟的几率往往低于小学以下的男性（相对危险度= 0.6; 95％置信区间：0.5-0.7）。在不同年龄段，这种模式的变化很小。在女性中，存在相反的趋势：受教育程度越高，开始吸烟的相对风险越高（相对风险= 4.6; 95％置信区间：3.1-6.7）。受过高等教育的男女相比，小学以上学历的男女更容易戒烟（男性：优势比= 1.5; 95％置信区间1.1-2.1;女性：优势比= 4.6; 95％信心区间：2.1-10.4）。结论：按性别分列的教育效果差异可能反映了吸烟流行的不同阶段。在加泰罗尼亚，男性中最近发生了从上层和下层社会经济群体吸烟的转变，而妇女目前已经开始经历这种转变。版权所有2001美国健康基金会和学术出版社。

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